Zatchot 6-9 Flashcards
explain anaphylaxis Df , Anaphylactoid or Pseudoanaphalctic Df
—Anaphlaxis Df : multi system involvement including Skin , Airway, vascular system
—Anaphylactoid Df: reaction display a similar clinical syndrome but they aren’t immune mediated
explain ethology of Anaphylactic
—they are 3 types :
1-Pharmacological agents :
1.1 Antibiotics espically B-lactan
1.2 aspirin
1.3 IV contrast Agents are most frequent life threatening
2-Stining :
2.1 Ants , bees , wasps
3- food :
3.1 seafood , wheat , peanut
explain symptoms of Anaphylaxis
1- itching
2-rashes
3-HiVes
4-nasal conjatuon
5-Watery red eyes
explain signs and symptoms
1-serious upper airway : edema , lower airway edema , or both may develop and causing steroidor or wheezing
2-cardiovascular collaps
3-Gastrointestinal signs
treatment of Anaphylaxis
1-Epinephrine
- Rp.:Sol.Epinephrini 0.1%1.0
S: 0,3ml,I.V
2-Sodium Chloride
-Rp.: Nacl 0.9%200
S: 1000 ml , IV
3- Prednisone 0,05 IV steroid therapy
-Rp.: Sol.Perdnisoni 0.05
S: mix Nacl 0,9% -10,0 . IV.
explain obsarvation of anaphylaxis
-symptoms may comeback with 1-8 H
-patient without symptoms for 4 hours at least
explain Df , pathological processes, mediators takes a part of development, of Bronchial asthma
-Df : its chronic inflammatory disease of the airways associated with atrophy and hyperresponsvniss
-pathological process:
1-obstruction
2-hyper reactivity
3-inflammation
—mediators takes a part of BA :
1-leuktrines
2-PGS
3-enzymes
4-histamine
5-platelets activating factors
6-Cytokines
list diagnostic Criteria of BA
1-Cough , dyspnea, wheezing
2-recurrent symposium
3-high tens airways
4-reversible airway obstruction on pulmonary function
list laboratory changes of BA
1-Objectively : tachypnea , wheezing , dry rales
2-sputum analysis : Eosinophils ( kurshman spirals , Sharko-leidns)
3-General blood test : mild leucocytosis , eosinophilia
4-Spyrumatry :
-decrease: FVC , FEV1 , FEV4/FVC
-increase daily variability
describe action of B2 agonist
1- most effective bronchodilator for asthma
2-Bind to B2 receptor on airway smooth muscle , useful as acute BA symptoms Relfie
3-Side effect : duo to overlap of B2 activity and activation of B2 receptor in Sk muscles
4- no effect on inflammation
Describe ( Mild intermittent , mild persistent, moderate , severe from BA and its treatment
1-mild interment:
-day symptoms: less then 2 times per week
-night symptoms :less then 2 times per month
-FEV1 : Non
-Drugs : Salbutamol
2-mild Persistent :
-day symptoms: 3-6 times per week
-night symptoms :3-4 per month
-FEV1 : Non
-Drugs : Salbutamol, Beclomathson
3-Moderate :
-day symptoms: everyday
-night symptoms :more then 5 times per month
-FEV1 : 60-80% N
-Drugs : Salbutamol, Beclomethason , Salmeterol
4-Sever :
-day symptoms: everyday
-night symptoms :every night
-FEV1 : more then 60% N
-Drugs : Salbutamol, Salmeterol,Beclomethason
, Prednisone
Df of opportunistic infection , List the names of diseases
—DF: when an organism thats usually is a nonpathogenic cause disease
—list of diseases:
1-Tonsillitis and pharyngitis : inflammatory condition of the tonsils is and pharyngeal mucosa may be duo to different organisms
-symptoms:
1.1 soar throat
1.2 fever
1.3 hyperplasia
1.4 Erythema
-diagnosis and management: laboratory test can conform streptococcal cause , Group A B hemolytic streptococcai are related to scarlet fever and rheumatic fever
2-Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
3-Pericoronitis
list types of Candidatesis and describe Denture stomatitis
- the out come of an overgrowth of Candida albicans : can results from many different conditions such as , antibiotics , Cancer chemotherapy, DM , Corticosteroids,HIV
-types :
1-Pseudomemrebouns candidiasis
2-erythmatous candidiasis
3-Danture stomatitis
4-chronic hyperplastic candidiasis
5-Angular chilitis
6-chronic mucocotenous
7-median rhomboid glossitis
—denture somatisis :
its the most common type of candidiasis, the mucosa is erythmatous but the changes is limited to the mucosa covered by a full or partial denture - usually Asymptomatic
Df of Inflammatory response , Humoral and cell mediated protect the body against what ?
1-Microorganisms may penetrate the epithelial surface as foreign bodies and they stimulate:
1.1 inflammatory response: this is nonspecific response cause edema and accumulation of white blood cells
1.2 immune system: its highly specific response thats results in the production of antibodies to microorganisms thats act as antigens
—protect against
1-Humoral immunity( antibody): effect defense against bacteria
2-cell mediated immunity: effective against other such as intercellular bacteria
Describe Necrotizing Ulcerative gingivitis ( cause , symptoms, diagnosis, treatment )
-Causes: most of time caused by both fusiform Bacillus and spirochete ( borrelia vincenti)
-symptoms: - its painful erythematous gingivitis with necrosis of interdental papille
-diagnosis:
1-Necrosis results in cratering of the interdental papillae
2-Sloughing of Necrotic tissue causes a pseudomembranous over tissue
—treatment:
1-gentle Debridement
2-Drug : Amoxiclave tav
