Zaman: URI's Flashcards
_______________ ________ carcinoma is a rare malignancy of the nasal cavity.
Squamous Cell
What are the three variants of squamous cell carcinoma?
keratinizing, nonkeratinizing, and undifferentiated
Which genome is found in all nasopharyngeal carcinoma (particularly the undifferentiated type)?
Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)
Describe the growth pattern of undifferentiated type squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity.
synctial growth pattern with large epithelial cells with indistinct cell borders
In squamous cell carcinoma when the lesion is accompanied by a large number of atypical lymphocytes, is is called a ________________. This occurs when ____ cells attack __ cells.
lymphoepthelioma; T cells attack B cells
Describe laryngitis/laryngeal obstruction.
Angioneurotic edema due to allergy/anaphylaxis. Common agents: bee stings, drugs, nuts, shellfish
**Laryngeal papillomatosis is a recurrent lesion caused by ________.
HPV 6 & 11. Primarily a childhood disease and usually resolves following puberty Virus contracted through infected birth canal The polypoid lesions can cause obstruction.
Singer’s nodules are also seen in _____________. They are caused by ________ _______________. Size?
heavy smokers. chronic irritation. 0.5 cm smooth round nodules on true vocal cords, covered by stratified squamous epithelium; may ulcerate
Type of carcinoma associated with smoking that presents as a change in voice and persistent hoarseness?
Carcinoma of Larynx
In carcinoma of the larynx describe the locations.
-90% of Glottic remain confined to larynx -1/3 of supraglottic tumors metastasize to cervical lymph nodes -subglottic remain quisescent until advanced disease. 1/3 mortality despite surgery and radiation usually infection or widespread mets.
With inflammatory lesions of the ear, an abscess that has gone bad, invades the bone, then invades the brain is known as?
Cholesteatoma. non-neoplastic tumor-like lesion which is actually an inflammatory lesion. Pt usually has a hx of OTITIS MEDIA and on exam has a cystic mass (>1cm) filled with cholesterol and keratin debris If left alone, will enlarge, erode brain, and cause HEARING LOSS
Describe the two types of carcinoma of the ear.
Basal cell (looks like a rat bite) and squamous cell (looks like a growth): external ear - associated with sun exposure. Basal: remove it however you want and it will heal. Squamous: must resect with clean margins
What type of neuroma will cause nerve deafness?
Acoustic neuroma-Schwannoma. A schwannoma derived from the Schwann cells of cranial nerve VIII near the cerebellar-pontine angle. Causes deafness. (in pic: dark is antony A; light is antony B)
