Zaman: Lung Pathology 1

Question 1

The pulmonary lobule: how is it different in lobar pneumonia versus bronchopneumonia?

Answer 1

Lobar: only a portion is effected; Broncho: central portions are effected. Lobule: the lung made up of multiple acini and demarcated by fibrous septae, which act as a partial barrier to localize pathological processes. Each lobule has many terminal bronchioles.

Question 2

How has the knowledge of smoking and health hazards changed over the last few centuries? (Or has it….?)

Answer 2

people were aware that smoking could lead to cancer over 200 years ago, yet there was no literature on it until the 1940s. Classical study: HAMMOND AND HORN -1950 -involved 187,783 MEN -published in 1958: relationship between smoking, degree of smoking, and respiratory tract CANCER

Question 3

What were Hammond and Horn’s findings, other than smoking being related to cancer?

Answer 3

• 68%: degree in which total mortality of cigarette smokers is increased
• rapidity of decrease in death rates once a person QUIT smoking
• a large amount of deaths in smokers is due to VASCULAR problems (NOT LUNG CANCER)
• most surprisingly, (prior to 1948), the fact that smoking contributed to non-malignant pulmonary disease

Question 4

Which portion of asbestos has the highest carcinogenic potential?

Answer 4

crocidolite

Question 5

What pulmonary lesions can be caused by asbestos exposure (inhalation)?

Answer 5

• pleural effusion (first sign: slight cough) -pulmonary fibrosis
• pleural plaques
• in heavily exposed people: fibrotic plaques in the peritoneum and pericardium (oral exposure/drinking does not appear to be a health hazard)

Question 6

Describe the pathogenesis of asbestosis.

Answer 6

Pleural effusion –> Pulm fibrosis & plaques –> pleural calcificaiton (end stage) Asbestos associated pulmonary fibrosis = ASBESTOSIS

Question 7

Asbestosis is a malignant _______________ which is not a lung disease, but affects the _________ of the lung.

Answer 7

mesothelioma; lining

Question 8

________________ is the most prevalent occupational lung disease in the world (OLD).

Answer 8

Silocosis *EXCESSIVE release of cytokines *EXTENSIVE pulmonary fibrosis

Question 9

CHART comparing Asbestosis, Anthracosis, Silicosis, Berylliosis, and others

Answer 9

(chart)

Question 10

CHART of Hypersenitivity Pneumonitis

Answer 10

(chart)