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Chemistry A-Level > yr 13 conversions > Flashcards

yr 13 conversions Flashcards

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1
Q

carbonyl - hydroxynitrile (give mechanism with propanone)

A

NaCN + H2SO4 -addition

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2
Q

nitrile- carboxylic acid (equation with propanitrile)

A

distillation or HCl (aq) (usually the hcl one)- addition
(the top equation)

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3
Q

nitrile - amine (equation with ethanenitrile)

A

H2 + Ni - reduction +addition

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4
Q

aldehyde - primary alcohol (equation with methanal)

A

NaBH4 + reflux - reduction

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5
Q

ketone - secondary alcohol (equation with pentan-2-one)

A

NaBH4 + reflux -reduction

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6
Q

carboxylic acid - carboxylate salt (show product of reaction with ethanoic acid)

A

metal OR metal hydroxide OR metal carbonate OR ammonia - neutralisation (redox for + metal)

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7
Q

carboxylic acid - acyl chloride (general equation with R groups)

A

SOCl2 - no type

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8
Q

acyl chloride - ester (equation with methanoyl chloride)

A

phenol/ alcohol - esterification

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9
Q

acyl chloride - primary amide (general equation with R groups)

A

ammonia - no type

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10
Q

acyl chloride - secondary amide (equation with methanoyl chloride)

A

primary amine - no type
(the bottom one lol)

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11
Q

acid anhydride - ester (equation with general R groups)

A

alcohol - esterification

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12
Q

benzene - nitrobenzene (mechanism)

A

conc. HNO3 + conc. H2S04 + 50 degrees - substitution

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13
Q

benzene - chloro/bromobenzene (mechanism)

A

Chlorine/bromine + Halogen carrier catalyst eg aluminium chloride/aluminium bromide - subsitution
(the a+ is the halogen)

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14
Q

benzene - aromatic ketone (equation)

A

Acyl chloride + Halogen carrier catalyst - substitution

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15
Q

benzene - alkyl benzene (equation)

A

Haloalkane + Halogen carrier catalyst - substitution

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16
Q

phenol - sodium phenoxide (equation)

A

sodium hydroxide - neutralisation

17
Q

phenol - 2,4,6-tribromophenol (equation)

A

bromine- substitution

18
Q

amine - alkylammonium salt (general equation with R groups)

A

acid - neutralisation

19
Q

haloalkane - amine (equation with bromoethane)

A

excess ammonia in ethanol - substitutuion

20
Q

amide -> amine + carboxylate salt (general equation)

A

dilute alkali - hydrolysis

21
Q

amide -> carboxylic acid + alkylammonium ion (general equation)

A

dilute acid - hydrolysis

22
Q

nitrobenzene - phenylamine

A

tin + conc. HCl - reduction

Chemistry A-Level (15 decks)

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