Acids and Redox Flashcards
What is an acid?
A species that is a proton donor.
What is a strong acid?
An acid that fully dissociates in water
what is a base + examples?
a base is a proton acceptor that neutralises an acid to form a salt eg metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, ammonia
what is an alkali?
a soluble base that dissolves in water to releasing hydroxide ions into the solution
what is a salt?
a salt is formed when the hydrogen ions from an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions
what is a weak acid?
an acid that partially dissociates in water
what are the reactants and products in an acid-base reaction?
acid + base –> salt + water
what is the ionic equation for neutralisation?
H+ + OH- –> H20
what are the products in an acid- carbonate reaction?
acid + carbonate –> salt + water + carbon dioxide
what are the products in an acid- ammonia reaction?
acid + ammonia –> ammonium salt
what are the products of an acid-metal reaction?
acid + metal –> salt + hydrogen
what does hydrated mean e.g hydrated salt?
a crystalline compound that contains water molecules
what does anhydrous mean?
a substance that contains no water molecules
CuSO4 . 5H20- what does the dot mean?
water of crystallisation- water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure
2 examples of bases in everyday life
for acid indigestion, magnesium oxide is a milk of magnesia + an antacid, neutralising excess HCl in the stomach
calcium hydroxide is used to treat acidic soils
