Acids and Redox

Question 1

What is an acid?

Answer 1

A species that is a proton donor.

Question 2

What is a strong acid?

Answer 2

An acid that fully dissociates in water

Question 3

what is a base + examples?

Answer 3

a base is a proton acceptor that neutralises an acid to form a salt eg metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, ammonia

Question 4

what is an alkali?

Answer 4

a soluble base that dissolves in water to releasing hydroxide ions into the solution

Question 5

what is a salt?

Answer 5

a salt is formed when the hydrogen ions from an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions

Question 6

what is a weak acid?

Answer 6

an acid that partially dissociates in water

Question 7

what are the reactants and products in an acid-base reaction?

Answer 7

acid + base –> salt + water

Question 8

what is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

Answer 8

H+ + OH- –> H20

Question 9

what are the products in an acid- carbonate reaction?

Answer 9

acid + carbonate –> salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 10

what are the products in an acid- ammonia reaction?

Answer 10

acid + ammonia –> ammonium salt

Question 11

what are the products of an acid-metal reaction?

Answer 11

acid + metal –> salt + hydrogen

Question 12

what does hydrated mean e.g hydrated salt?

Answer 12

a crystalline compound that contains water molecules

Question 13

what does anhydrous mean?

Answer 13

a substance that contains no water molecules

Question 14

CuSO4 . 5H20- what does the dot mean?

Answer 14

water of crystallisation- water molecules that form an essential part of the crystalline structure

Question 15

2 examples of bases in everyday life

Answer 15

for acid indigestion, magnesium oxide is a milk of magnesia + an antacid, neutralising excess HCl in the stomach
calcium hydroxide is used to treat acidic soils

Question 16

what is the formula of sodium ethanoate?

Answer 16

CH3COONa