Youth and Education in Nazi Germany Flashcards
when was the Hitler Youth est.?
Origins date back to 1922, but was named Hitler Jugend in 1926
when were other youth groups, except the Hitler Youth, banned?
1933
when was the Law for the Incorporation of the German Youth?
1936
what was the Law for the Incorporation of the German Youth?
Hitler Youth was given equal status to school and home
when was membership to the Hitler Youth made compulsory?
1939
what were common activities in the Hitler Youth?
- collecting scrap metal and money for war effort (discipline)
- met several times a week and weekend trips too
- encouraged to inform on their parents
what was the purpose of the Hitler Youth?
- channelling natural rebelliousness of youth along organised lines
- mass grooming - anti-intellectual
what were the two division of the League of German Girls?
- Jungmädel (Young Girls League) - aged 14 and under
- Gluabe und Schönheit (Faith and Beauty) - aged 17-21 (emphasised the Nazi ideal image of a woman)
what did girls do in the League of German Girls?
- preparation for motherhood
- baby care
- cooking
- keeping fit - marches
what did boys do in the Hitler Youth?
- preparation for being soldiers ie marching, firing guns
- learned to fight - even knives
- boxing
- instruction in National Socialist ideology - antisemitism and commitment to Hitler
- conformity
- loyalty
- keeping fit
- competition and leadership
- courage tests
when was the right to education revoked for jewish children?
1938
what were some changes to the school curriculum under Hitler?
- ‘race science’ (eugenics) introduced
- rewrote german history (focussed on mediaeval history and taught positively about kaisers not ToV)
- RS & English & creative subjects (generally) removed
- in german they read propaganda and analysed hitler’s speeches
- in maths they did word problems about angles of bombs, speed of planes, algebra using eugenics
- in geography they studied the decline of the british empire
- in music they listened to propaganda songs
how did the number of hours spent doing sport in school change?
- 1936, sport was taught for a minimum of 2-3 hours every school day
- By 1938 it was 5 hours every day.
by 1939, how many professors had been sacked for racial/political reasons?
over 3000
how did life change for teachers and professors?
- had to join German Teachers League
- required to attend a 1-month compulsory Nazi training course which emphasised Nazi ideology and the importance of advocating the regime’s ideas.
- top uni professors hand picked by nazis
- uni not seen as important
- uni students trained as soldiers for 1 month a year
- professors only instated after attending Nazi lecturers alliance camp
