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Sociology Alevel > Youth > Flashcards

Youth Flashcards

1
Q

Name the Functionalists of Youth

A

Parsons
Eisenstadt
Albert Cohen

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2
Q

Name the Marxists of Youth

A

Brake
Phil Cohen
Hall and Jefferson

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3
Q

Name the Feminists of Youth

A

McRobbie
Archer
Osgerby

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4
Q

Name the Interactionists of Youth

A

Stan Cohen
Fawbert
Jock Young

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5
Q

Name the Postmodernists of Youth

A

Luke and Luke

Maffesoli

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6
Q

Explain the Functionalist Parson’s theory

A
  • Youth culture is functional as it acts like a bridge between childhood and adulthood
  • Youth culture helps to prevent anomie, it provides a sense of belonging
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7
Q

Explain the Functionalist Eisenstadt’s theory

A
  • Youth culture is functional as peer groups help each other through the stresses
  • Moving from ascribed to achieved status
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8
Q

Explain the Functionalist Albert Cohen’s theory

A
  • Status frustration
  • W/C boys can’t achieve status through education/material wealth so they join delinquent subcultures and gain status through deviant acts
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9
Q

Give an evaluation of Parsons theory

A

He ignores NEETs

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10
Q

Give an evaluation of Eisenstadt’s theory

A

Ignores the issues that can’t be fixed by peer groups - NEETs

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11
Q

Give an evaluation of Albert Cohen’s theory

A

Helps the understanding of crime and deviance

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12
Q

Explain the Marxist Phil Cohen’s theory

A
  • The skin heads resisted against the decline in W/C communities
  • They did this through the clothes they wore - boots, jeans, braces
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13
Q

Explain the Marxists Hall and Jefferson’s theory

A
  • The teddy boys resisted against class divisions by blurring the lines between M/C and W/C
  • They did this through dressing M/C despite being from W/C backgrounds, wearing smart suits etc
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14
Q

Explain the Marxist Brake’s theory

A
  • W/C saw youth subcultures as an escape from their dull lives/futures
  • Gave them a sense of belonging and excitement
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15
Q

Give an evaluation of Phil Cohen’s theory

A

Ignores women in youth cultures

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16
Q

Give an evaluation of Hall and Jefferson’s theory

A

Ignores women in youth cultures

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17
Q

Give an evaluation of Brake’s theory

A

Ignores M/C youth culture

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18
Q

Explain the Feminists McRobbie and Garber’s theory

A
  • Bedroom culture
  • Stricter parental control meant girls weren’t allowed out to certain places/after certain times
  • This meant they spent more time socialising in bedrooms
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19
Q

Explain the Feminist Archer’s theory

A
  • Girls in gangs felt empowered

- Defence mechanism against being seen as weak/overly sexualised

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20
Q

Explain the Feminist Osgerby’s theory

A
  • No more chivalrous behaviour

- Lad culture - degrading women, puts them off joining youth subcultures

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21
Q

Give an evaluation of McRobbie and Garber’s theory

A

Ignores social media use

22
Q

Give an evaluation of Archer’s theory

A

She only used secondary research

23
Q

Explain the Interactionist Jock Young’s theory

A

Labelling theory - hippies being labelled as drug users by the police/public became a self-fulfilling prophecy as it became a central part of their culture

24
Q

Explain the Interactionist Stan Cohen’s theory

A

Moral panic - media exaggerating Mods and Rockers made it a bigger deal than it was, lead public to panic

25
Q

Explain the Interactionist Fawbert’s theory

A

Media labelling ‘hoodies’ exaggerated it and made the public fear them - lead to an increase in hoodie sales

26
Q

Give an evaluation of Jock Young’s theory

A

Ignores those who reject labels

27
Q

Give an evaluation of Stan Cohen’s theory

A

Doesn’t explain the initial act of deviance

28
Q

Give an evaluation of Fawbert’s theory

A

Seen as sympathetic/bias to the W/C youths

29
Q

Explain the Post-Modernist Luke and Luke’s theory

A

Cultural hybridity - youth is no longer local/national, media means youth culture is less divided

30
Q

Explain the Post-Modernist Maffesoli’s theory

A

Youth culture no longer exist, neo tribes made up of people who have similar interests, doesn’t depend on class etc

31
Q

Give an evaluation of Post-Modernists

A

Doesn’t give a solution to the issues youths face

32
Q

Give an evaluation of Osgerby’s theory

A

Backed up by the NUS study, girls are

33
Q

Explain how the media influences youth culture (15)

A

Jock Young
Fawbert
Stan Cohen

34
Q

Explain why youth cultures are masculine (15)

A

McRobbie
Osgerby
Albert Cohen

35
Q

Explain the meaning of Neo-Tribes (15)

A

Maffesoli
Luke and Luke
Katz and Lyng

36
Q

Explain why young people join gangs (15)

A

Katz and Lyng
Albert Cohen
Archer

37
Q

Explain why youth is seen as a social construction (15)

A

McRobbie
Jock Young
Stan Cohen

38
Q

Why youth is seen as functional (15)

A

Eisenstadt
Parsons
Albert Cohen

39
Q

The meaning of spectacular subcultures (15)

A

Phil Cohen
Hall and Jefferson
Brake

40
Q

Name the sociologists of nationality

A

Nayyar
Modood
Phil Cohen

41
Q

Explain Nayyar’s theory

A

‘Othering’ - forming identities based on what we are not

42
Q

Explain Modood’s theory

A

Says ‘othering’ occurs when far right nationalist groups blame ethnic minorities for societal problems and target working class groups with this

43
Q

Explain how Phil Cohen’s theory links to nationality

A

Skinheads were resisting against the decline in W/C communities and the British culture and were known to be violent and racist towards ethnic minorities

44
Q

Name the sociologists of nationality

A

Nayyar
Modood
Phil Cohen

45
Q

Explain Nayyar’s theory

A

‘Othering’ - forming identities based on what we are not

46
Q

Explain Modood’s theory

A

Says ‘othering’ occurs when far right nationalist groups blame ethnic minorities for societal problems and target working class groups with this

47
Q

Explain how Phil Cohen’s theory links to nationality

A

Skinheads were resisting against the decline in W/C communities and the British culture and were known to be violent and racist towards ethnic minorities

48
Q

Name the sociologists of nationality

A

Nayyar
Modood
Phil Cohen

49
Q

Explain Nayyar’s theory

A

‘Othering’ - forming identities based on what we are not

50
Q

Explain Modood’s theory

A

Says ‘othering’ occurs when far right nationalist groups blame ethnic minorities for societal problems and target working class groups with this

51
Q

Explain how Phil Cohen’s theory links to nationality

A

Skinheads were resisting against the decline in W/C communities and the British culture and were known to be violent and racist towards ethnic minorities

Sociology Alevel (7 decks)

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