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Sociology Alevel > Youth > Flashcards

Youth Flashcards

1
Q

Name the Functionalists of Youth

A

Parsons
Eisenstadt
Albert Cohen

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2
Q

Name the Marxists of Youth

A

Brake
Phil Cohen
Hall and Jefferson

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3
Q

Name the Feminists of Youth

A

McRobbie
Archer
Osgerby

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4
Q

Name the Interactionists of Youth

A

Stan Cohen
Fawbert
Jock Young

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5
Q

Name the Postmodernists of Youth

A

Luke and Luke

Maffesoli

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6
Q

Explain the Functionalist Parson’s theory

A
  • Youth culture is functional as it acts like a bridge between childhood and adulthood
  • Youth culture helps to prevent anomie, it provides a sense of belonging
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7
Q

Explain the Functionalist Eisenstadt’s theory

A
  • Youth culture is functional as peer groups help each other through the stresses
  • Moving from ascribed to achieved status
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8
Q

Explain the Functionalist Albert Cohen’s theory

A
  • Status frustration
  • W/C boys can’t achieve status through education/material wealth so they join delinquent subcultures and gain status through deviant acts
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9
Q

Give an evaluation of Parsons theory

A

He ignores NEETs

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10
Q

Give an evaluation of Eisenstadt’s theory

A

Ignores the issues that can’t be fixed by peer groups - NEETs

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11
Q

Give an evaluation of Albert Cohen’s theory

A

Helps the understanding of crime and deviance

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12
Q

Explain the Marxist Phil Cohen’s theory

A
  • The skin heads resisted against the decline in W/C communities
  • They did this through the clothes they wore - boots, jeans, braces
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13
Q

Explain the Marxists Hall and Jefferson’s theory

A
  • The teddy boys resisted against class divisions by blurring the lines between M/C and W/C
  • They did this through dressing M/C despite being from W/C backgrounds, wearing smart suits etc
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14
Q

Explain the Marxist Brake’s theory

A
  • W/C saw youth subcultures as an escape from their dull lives/futures
  • Gave them a sense of belonging and excitement
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15
Q

Give an evaluation of Phil Cohen’s theory

A

Ignores women in youth cultures

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16
Q

Give an evaluation of Hall and Jefferson’s theory

A

Ignores women in youth cultures

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17
Q

Give an evaluation of Brake’s theory

A

Ignores M/C youth culture

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18
Q

Explain the Feminists McRobbie and Garber’s theory

A
  • Bedroom culture
  • Stricter parental control meant girls weren’t allowed out to certain places/after certain times
  • This meant they spent more time socialising in bedrooms
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19
Q

Explain the Feminist Archer’s theory

A
  • Girls in gangs felt empowered

- Defence mechanism against being seen as weak/overly sexualised

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20
Q

Explain the Feminist Osgerby’s theory

A
  • No more chivalrous behaviour

- Lad culture - degrading women, puts them off joining youth subcultures

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21
Q

Give an evaluation of McRobbie and Garber’s theory

A

Ignores social media use

22
Q

Give an evaluation of Archer’s theory

A

She only used secondary research

23
Q

Explain the Interactionist Jock Young’s theory

A

Labelling theory - hippies being labelled as drug users by the police/public became a self-fulfilling prophecy as it became a central part of their culture

24
Q

Explain the Interactionist Stan Cohen’s theory

A

Moral panic - media exaggerating Mods and Rockers made it a bigger deal than it was, lead public to panic

25
Explain the Interactionist Fawbert's theory
Media labelling 'hoodies' exaggerated it and made the public fear them - lead to an increase in hoodie sales
26
Give an evaluation of Jock Young's theory
Ignores those who reject labels
27
Give an evaluation of Stan Cohen's theory
Doesn't explain the initial act of deviance
28
Give an evaluation of Fawbert's theory
Seen as sympathetic/bias to the W/C youths
29
Explain the Post-Modernist Luke and Luke's theory
Cultural hybridity - youth is no longer local/national, media means youth culture is less divided
30
Explain the Post-Modernist Maffesoli's theory
Youth culture no longer exist, neo tribes made up of people who have similar interests, doesn't depend on class etc
31
Give an evaluation of Post-Modernists
Doesn't give a solution to the issues youths face
32
Give an evaluation of Osgerby's theory
Backed up by the NUS study, girls are
33
Explain how the media influences youth culture (15)
Jock Young Fawbert Stan Cohen
34
Explain why youth cultures are masculine (15)
McRobbie Osgerby Albert Cohen
35
Explain the meaning of Neo-Tribes (15)
Maffesoli Luke and Luke Katz and Lyng
36
Explain why young people join gangs (15)
Katz and Lyng Albert Cohen Archer
37
Explain why youth is seen as a social construction (15)
McRobbie Jock Young Stan Cohen
38
Why youth is seen as functional (15)
Eisenstadt Parsons Albert Cohen
39
The meaning of spectacular subcultures (15)
Phil Cohen Hall and Jefferson Brake
40
Name the sociologists of nationality
Nayyar Modood Phil Cohen
41
Explain Nayyar’s theory
‘Othering’ - forming identities based on what we are not
42
Explain Modood’s theory
Says ‘othering’ occurs when far right nationalist groups blame ethnic minorities for societal problems and target working class groups with this
43
Explain how Phil Cohen’s theory links to nationality
Skinheads were resisting against the decline in W/C communities and the British culture and were known to be violent and racist towards ethnic minorities
44
Name the sociologists of nationality
Nayyar Modood Phil Cohen
45
Explain Nayyar’s theory
‘Othering’ - forming identities based on what we are not
46
Explain Modood’s theory
Says ‘othering’ occurs when far right nationalist groups blame ethnic minorities for societal problems and target working class groups with this
47
Explain how Phil Cohen’s theory links to nationality
Skinheads were resisting against the decline in W/C communities and the British culture and were known to be violent and racist towards ethnic minorities
48
Name the sociologists of nationality
Nayyar Modood Phil Cohen
49
Explain Nayyar’s theory
‘Othering’ - forming identities based on what we are not
50
Explain Modood’s theory
Says ‘othering’ occurs when far right nationalist groups blame ethnic minorities for societal problems and target working class groups with this
51
Explain how Phil Cohen’s theory links to nationality
Skinheads were resisting against the decline in W/C communities and the British culture and were known to be violent and racist towards ethnic minorities

Sociology Alevel (7 decks)

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