You And Your Genes B1 Flashcards
What is the difference between structural proteins and functional proteins?
Structured proteins give the body structure and functional proteins enable the body to function properly.
What does the Y chromosome do?
The Y chromosome has the sex determination gene which enables testes to develop. Without that then ovaries will develop.
What does sexual reproduction enable?
Sexual reproduction causes variation as the offspring has genes from both parents.
What do genes do?
They carry instructions to control how a organism develops.
Name some genetic diagrams?
Some genetic diagrams include punnet squares and family trees.
What does the genotype and phenotype do?
The genotype is the organisms genetic make-up (dimples=DD) and phenotype describes the organisms features (dependent of the persons genes but can be affected by the environment)
Where can you find a gene?
You find genes on a chromosomes in exactly the same place of the pair.
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?
Homozygous is when two alleles are the same.
Heterozygous is when the two alleles are different.
How are dominant and recessive allele written?
Dominant alleles are written in upper case
Recessive alleles are written in lower case.
How are single gene disorders caused?
Single gene disorders are caused by faulty alleles of a gene.
What are some problems of having tests for genetic disorders?
Tests carry risk of miscarriage.
Results not 100% true.
What do punnet square diagrams and family trees show?
They show the risk of inheriting a disorder.
What does PGD stand for?
Pre-implantation genetic disorder
What are natural clones?
Natural clones are individuals with identical genes.
How are artificial clones produced?
Artificial clones are produced when nucleus from a body cell is transferred to an unfertilised egg.
