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Yoga Teacher Training > Yoga History > Flashcards

Yoga History Flashcards

1
Q

According to Ancient yogi Lore, who is the first yogi? (adiyogi)?

A

Shiva

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2
Q

What are the 7 Stages of Yogic History?

A
  1. Pre-Vedic Period (Before 3000 BC)
  2. Vedic Period (3000-800 BC)
  3. Pre-Classical Period (800BC-250BC)
  4. Classical Yoga (500BC-800AD)
  5. Post-Classical Yoga (800AD-1700AD)
  6. Modern Period (1863 onwards)
  7. Present days
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3
Q

Who is Agastya?

A

The Saptarishi (sage following Shiva) who travelled across the Indian subcontinent and crafted their culture around the core yogic way of life.

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4
Q

Who were the Saptarishis?

A

The “seven sages”, followers of Adiyogi (Shiva).

“Several THOUSAND years ago, on the banks of the lake KANTISAROVAR, Adiyogi poured his profound knowledge into the legendary Saptarishis”

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5
Q

In Yogic History, what is the name of the period prior to 3000BC?

A

Pre-Vedic Period

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6
Q

When did the Pre-Vedic Yogic period occur?

A

Before 3000BC

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7
Q

Pre-Vedic Period:

In which civilisation in Northern India do we think yoga originated?

A

Indus-Sarsvati Civilation

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8
Q

What is the significance of the Indus-Sarsvati Civilisation?

A
  • This is believed to be where yoga began
  • Located in Northern India
  • Depictions of yoga poses were found in excavations at the Quetta, Harappa and Mohenjodaro civilisations
  • BUT, no written records
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9
Q

When did the Vedic Period occur?

A

3000-800BC

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10
Q

What yogic period occurred from 3000-800BC?

A

The Vedic Period

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11
Q

What happened in the Vedic Period?

A
  • Yoga was practiced under the direct guidance of a guru
  • There was great spiritual emphasis
  • Yoga and Pranayama practice was built into everyday ritutals
  • These rituals were close to the definition of yoga: union of the individual self with the supreme self
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12
Q

True or False: In the Pre-Classical Period of yoga, yoga was mostly about breathing and postures.

A

False

In this period, yoga was more of a lifestyle than a breathing or posture-related practice

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13
Q

Which yoga period occurred between 800-250BC?

A

Pre-Classical Period

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14
Q

When did the Pre-Classical Period of yoga occur?

A

800-250BC

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15
Q

Which 3 important sacred texts come out of the Pre-Classical Period of yoga?

A
  1. Vedas
  2. Upanishads
  3. Bhagavad Gita
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16
Q

In which period of yoga did the vedas, upanishads and bhagavad gita originate?

A

Pre-Classical Period (800-250BC)

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17
Q

Who was allowed to read and translate the Vedas?

A

The Brahmans (Vedic Priests)

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18
Q

Where did the Brahmans document the refined and practiced yoga practices and beliefs that originated in the Vedas?

A

In the Upanishads

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19
Q

Roughly how many philosophical scriptures are in the Upanishads?

A

Over 200

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20
Q

What is one change the Brahmans made from the Vedas to the Upanishads?

A

Ritual Sacrifice -> Sacrifice of the ego through self-knowledge, action and wisdom

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21
Q

Which is the most renowned yogic text (according to our notes)?

A

The Bhagavat Gita

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22
Q

Which yogic text introduced Gyuana, Bhakti, and Karma Yoga?

A

The Bhagavat Gita

23
Q

What concepts did the Bhagavat Gita introduce?

A

Gyuana, Bhakti, and Karma Yoga

24
Q

In which yogic period did the Surya Namaskara originate and why?

A

Pre-Classical Period

Because the sun was given great importance in this period

25
Q

Which yogic period occurred between 500BC-800AD?

A

Classical Period

26
Q

When did the Classical Period of yoga occur?

A

500BC-800AD

27
Q

Which period of yoga is considered the most fertile and prominent? And why?

A

Classical Period (500BC-800AD)

28
Q

What great yogic texts arise from the Classical Yoga Period?

A
  1. Yoga Sutras of Patanjali

2. Commentaries of Vyasa on the sutras

29
Q

Which inspiring teachers came from the Classical Yoga Period?

A
  1. Maharishi Patanjali

2. Mahavir (5 Great Vows)

30
Q

Which yoga period occurred between 800-1700AD?

A

Post-Classical Period

31
Q

When did the Post-Classical Yoga Period occur?

A

800-1700AD

32
Q

In which yogic period did hatha yoga arise?

A

Post-Classical Period (800-1700AD)

33
Q

What was new about the Post-Classical Yoga Period?

A

Followers of Patanjali gave yoga a new outlook by giving greater importance to asanas, kriyas and pranayama for cleansing the body and the mind.

34
Q

What great yogic texts arose in the Post-Classical Yoga Period?

A
  1. Hatha Yoga Predipika

2. The Gheranda Samhita

35
Q

In which yogic period did the hatha yoga predipika and gheranda samhita originate?

A

Post-Classical Period (800-1700AD)

36
Q

In which yogic period did Tantra arise?

A

Post-Classical Period (800-1700AD)

37
Q

In which yogic period did yoga masters begin to embrace their physical bodies as a means to attain enlightenment?

A

Post-Classical Period (800-1700AD)

38
Q

What occurred in the Post-Classical Period (800-1700AD)?

A
  1. Followers of Patanjali: more NB on asana, kriyas and pranayama (cleanse body and mind)
  2. Hatha yoga
  3. Yoga masters rejected teachings of Vedas
  4. Tantra yoga was developed (radical techniques to cleanse body & mind to break the knots that bind us to our physical existence)
  5. Yoga masters explored physical-spiritual connections
  6. Yoga masters embraced body-centred practices
39
Q

When did the Modern Yogic Period occur?

A

1863 onwards

40
Q

Which yogic period occurred from 1863 onwards?

A

Modern Period

41
Q

In which yogic period was yoga generally accepted as a secular spiritual practice rather than a ritual-based doctrine?

A

Modern Period (1833 +)

42
Q

What happened in terms of yoga in the 1800s and early 1900s?

A
  1. Yoga masters traveled to the West

2. Swami VIVEKANANDA lectured on yoga & universality of all religions (at Parliament of Religions in Chicago) - 1893

43
Q

When did Swami VIVEKANANDA lecture on yoga & universality of all religions (at Parliament of Religions in Chicago)?

A

In 1893

44
Q

What happened in terms of yoga in the 1920s and 30s?

A

T Krishnamacharya, Swami Sivananda and other yogis strongly promoted and popularised Hatha Yoga in India

45
Q

When did T Krishnamacharya, Swami Sivananda and other yogis strongly promote and popularise Hatha Yoga in India?

A

In the 1920s and 30s

46
Q

What happened in terms of yoga in 1924?

A

Krishnamacharya opened the first Hatha Yoga school in Myshore

47
Q

When did Krishnamacharya open the first Hatha Yoga school in Myshore?

A

1924

48
Q

Who was the teacher of the following students:

  1. B.K.S Iyengar
  2. T.K.V. Desikachar
  3. Pattabhi Jois
A

Krishnamacharya

49
Q

Who were Krishnamacharya’s 3 students that carried his legacy of Hatha Yoga to the West?

A
  1. B.K.S Iyengar
  2. T.K.V. Desikachar
  3. Pattabhi Jois
50
Q

What happened in terms of yoga in 1936?

A

Sivananda founded the Divine Life Society on the banks of the Ganges River

51
Q

What happened in terms of yoga in 1947?

A

Indra Devi opened a yoga studio in Hollywood

52
Q

When did Sivananda found the Divine Life Society on the banks of the Ganges River?

A

1936

53
Q

How did Sivananda contribute to yoga?

A
  1. He founded the Divine Life Society on the banks of the Ganges River
  2. He wrote over 200 books on yoga
  3. He established 9 ashrams and numerous yoga centres around the world

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