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*Chemistry iGCSE course 🧑🏼‍🔬🥼🥽 > YEAR 9 – Topic 1 – States Of Matter > Flashcards

YEAR 9 – Topic 1 – States Of Matter Flashcards

1
Q

What does a solid look like in a particle diagram?

A

OOOOOO
OOOOOO
OOOOOO

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2
Q

What does a liquid look like in a particle diagram?

A

OOOOO
OOOO OOOO`O

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3
Q

What does a gas look like in a particle diagram?

A

O O O
O O
O O O
O O

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4
Q

What is sublimation?

A

The state change of…

A gas to a solid or solid to a gas

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5
Q

What is freezing?

A

The state change of…

A liquid to a solid

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6
Q

What is condensing?

A

The state change of…

a gas to a liquid

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7
Q

What is melting?

A

The state change of…

A solid to a liquid

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8
Q

What is boiling/evaporating?

A

The state change of…

A liquid to a gas

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9
Q

Arrange the states in order of movement starting with the least moving thing.

A

Solid, liquid, gas.

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10
Q

Arrange the states in order of energy starting with the most energetic thing.

A

Gas, liquid, solid

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11
Q

How does a solid’s particles move?

A

They cannot ‘move’ but they can vibrate.

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12
Q

How does a liquid’s particles move?

A

They vibrate and move around but they still touch each other. They have more freedom of movement than solids.

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13
Q

How does a gas’s particles move?

A

They are free to move and fill the area they are contained in. They travel very fast but bump into a lot of particles a lot of times.

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14
Q

What is it called when…

A solid turns into a liquid?

A

Melting

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15
Q

What is it called when…

A liquid turns into a gas?

A

Evaporating/boiling

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16
Q

What is it called when…

A gas turns into a liquid?

A

Condensing

17
Q

What is it called when…

A liquid turns into a solid?

A

Freezing

18
Q

What is it called when…

A solid turns into a gas?

A

Subliming?

19
Q

What is it called when…

A gas turns into a solid?

A

Subliming?

20
Q

What do the particles do when…

A solid turns into a liquid?

A

–The particles gain more energy.
–The particles spread out more, they take up more space.
–The particles move about more, but they are still touching each other.

21
Q

What do the particles do when…

A liquid turns into a gas?

A

–The particles gain more energy.
–The particles spread out lots more, they take up the most space they can.
–The particles move about loads more, and can travel very fast.

22
Q

What do the particles do when…

A gas turns into a liquid?

A

–The particles lose energy.
–The particles condense more, they take up less space.
–The particles move about less, and they touch each other.

23
Q

What do the particles do when…

A liquid turns into a solid?

A

–The particles lose energy.
–The space between the particles condenses, they take up the least space.
–The particles move about less, they only vibrate slightly.

24
Q

What do the particles do when…

A solid turns into a gas?

A

–The particles gain more energy.
–The particles spread out lots more, they take up the most space they can.
–The particles move about loads more, and can travel very fast.

25
Q

What do the particles do when…

A gas turns into a solid?

A

–The particles lose most energy.
–The space between the particles condenses, they take up the least space.
–The particles move about lots less, they only vibrate slightly.

26
Q

What would be likely to observe in a diffusion?

A

If the gasses are coloured then you will see them lighten and gradually move towards each other. This is very slow because they bump into each other a lot.

27
Q

What is a solvent?

A

It is the thing that the solid/gas is dissolved into.

28
Q

What is a solute?

A

It is the thing that is dissolved. It can be a solid or a gas

29
Q

What is a solution?

A

It is where a solute has dissolved into a solvent.

30
Q

What is saturated?

A

When the solvent cannot dissolve any more solute.

31
Q

What is meant by the term solubility?

A

Solubility means how much of the solute can be dissolved into the solvent.

32
Q

What do we measure solubility in?

A

g/100g of solvent (usually water)

33
Q

Do you know how to plot and interpret solubility curves?

A

Hopefully!
Remember…
– The independent variable is the one you change
– The dependant variable is the one you measure
– The control variable is the one that stays the same
Etc.

34
Q

Properties of solids?

A
  • Strong forces of attraction holding particles in fixed positions and close together in a regular lattice arrangement
  • Particles DONT move from their positions.
  • Definite shape and volume
  • DONT flow or pour
  • particles vibrate
35
Q

Properties of liquids?

A
  • Weak forces of attraction between particles
  • Randomly arranged and free to move past each other but tend to stick closely together
  • definite volume but DONT have a definite shape and will flow to fill the bottom of the container
  • particles constantly move in a random motion
36
Q

Properties of gases?

A
  • very weak (or none) forces of attraction between particles, they are free to move and are spread out
  • particles in gases move in straight lines
  • they don’t have a definite shape or volume and will fill any container
  • particles move constantly in a random motion.

*Chemistry iGCSE course 🧑🏼‍🔬🥼🥽 (9 decks)

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