Year 9 Term Test

Question 1

Are plant cells unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 1

Plants are multicellular organisms

Question 2

What enables plants to carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 2

Plant cells contain chloroplasts

Question 3

What is a plants cell wall made from?

Answer 3

Cellulose

Question 4

What substance is stored by plants?

Answer 4

Plants store carbohydrates such as starch or sucrose

Question 5

Are animal’s multicellular or unicellular organisms?

Answer 5

Animals are multicellular organisms

Question 6

Name a feature which an animal cell does NOT contain

Answer 6

Animal cells have no cell walls

Question 7

Which cell stores carbohydrates as glycogen?

Answer 7

Animal cells

Question 8

What is organised into a mycelium made from thread-like structures called hyphae?

Answer 8

Fungi

Question 9

what do hyphae contain many of?

Answer 9

Hyphae contain many nuclei

Question 10

Are fungi single called or multicellular organisms?

Answer 10

Fungi can be single celled or very complex multicellular organisms.

Question 11

Do fungi have cell walls? If so, what are they made of?

Answer 11

Yes, cell walls in fungi are made of chitin

Question 12

What is saprotrophic nutrition?

Answer 12

Saprotrophic nutrition is when fungi feed by extra cellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material and absorption of the organic products. E.g Saprotrophic nutrition is the mode of nutrition in which organisms take in nutrients in solution form from dead & decaying matter.

Question 13

What do fungi and animals have in common?

Answer 13

They both store carbohydrates as glycogen.

Question 14

Give an example of fungi

Answer 14

An example is mucor: which has the typical fungal hyphal structure, and yeast which is single celled.

Question 15

Are protoctists multicellular or unicellular?

Answer 15

Protoctists are microscopic single-celled organisms

Question 16

Do protoctists have similar features?

Answer 16

No, some like amoeba, that live in pond water have features like an animal cell, whilst others like chlorella, have chloroplasts and are more like plants.

Question 17

Give an example of a pathogen and what it causes

Answer 17

An example is plasmodium, responsible for causing malaria

Question 18

Are bacteria single celled or multicellular organisms?

Answer 18

Bacteria are microscopic single-celled organisms

Question 19

Name 5 features of bacteria

Answer 19

They have a: cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, circular chromosome of dna, plasmids

Question 20

Name a feature which bacteria do not contain

Answer 20

Nucleus

Question 21

Do bacteria carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 21

Some bacteria can carry out photosynthesis, but most feed off other living organisms dead organisms.

Question 22

Give an example of bacteria

Answer 22

Examples include Lactobacillus bulgaricus, a rod shaped bacterium used in the production of yoghurt from milk

Question 23

What four things may be a pathogen?

Answer 23

Fungi, bacteria, protoctists or viruses

Question 24

What is the smallest cell?

Answer 24

Viruses

Question 25

Where can viruses reproduce?

Answer 25

They can only reproduce inside living cells and infect every type of living organism.

Question 26

What makes up a virus particle?

Answer 26

They can be large or small, they have no cellular structure but have a protein coat and contain one type of nucleic acid, either DNA or RNA.

Question 27

Give an example of a virus

Answer 27

Examples include the tobacco mosaic virus which causes discolouring of the leaves of tobacco plants by preventing the formation of chloroplasts.

Question 28

What is diffusion?

Answer 28

Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a low concentration until equilibrium is reached.

Question 29

Why would a substance like starch not be able to diffuse out of a cell?

Answer 29

Because starch is too big to diffuse, but glucose can break the starch down.

Question 30

Why does active transport occur?

Answer 30

Active transport is important because it allows substances to move against the concentration gradient. This helps it maintain the appropriate balance of substances in the cell.

Question 31

Why does active transport require energy?

Answer 31

Because unlike diffusion which moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy, active transport requires energy to move substances against the concentration gradient.

Question 32

How do you get the Sa:Vol ratio?

Answer 32

Divide the surface area by the volume.

Question 33

Name a difference between a eukaryote and a prokaryote

Answer 33

Eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cell’s genetic material, while prokaryotic cells don’t have a nucleus and have free-floating genetic material instead.