YEAR 10 Natural Selection And GM Flashcards
Why did horses develop HOOVES
The ground dried and hardened
Wet marshland became less common
Why did horses develop LARGER BODY SIZES
Horses moved into more open grassland
Had to fight off predation
Why did horses develop LARGER TEETH
They moved to open grassland and had to eat Tough grass
What does the pentadactyl limb prove
Mammals evolved from a common ancestor but evolved to fit specific functions
How do bacteria develop antibiotic resistance
Random genetic mutation gives antibiotic resistance
Individuals with mutation survive and pass on allele
Who came first ‘Ardi’ or ‘Lucy’
Ardi
then Lucy
What is the order of classification (Kingdom…)
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Define selective breeding
Breeding animals with desirable characteristics
Hoping for desirable alleles to pass onto offspring
Natural selection vs Selective breeding
Natural selection is an unintentional process where the environment favors certain traits for survival.
Selective breeding is a deliberate human process that chooses specific traits to enhance.
What are the 5 KINGDOMS
Animalia
Plantae
Fungi
Prokaryota
Protista
Issues with selective breeding
May lead to inbreeding and health defects
Reduces variation
How are plants cloned using Explants
Root/shoot tips cut out (explants)
Placed in artificial growth medium
Once grown, are placed into soil
What are the advantages of using tissue culture to clone plants
Can be done at any time (not just seasonally)
Desirable characteristics can be maintained
