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Yellow Book > YB General Surgery 84-166 > Flashcards

YB General Surgery 84-166 Flashcards

1
Q

The pancreatic duct (Duct of Wirsung) and the CBD from the liver drain into which section of the intestine?

A

Duodenum

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2
Q

A sheet of vascular tissue that supplies blood and lymph to the lower section of the small intestines is:

A

Mesentery

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3
Q

Arrange the large intestine in correct order from proximal to distal: (1) rectum (2)transverse colon (3) ascending (4) sigmoid (5) descending

A

3, 2, 5, 4, 1

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4
Q

A condition that causes bowel obstruction when one section of intestine telescopes over another; most common in children

A

Intussusceptions

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5
Q

What kind of tube is used to decompress the stomach or as a means of feeding the patient?

A

Nasogastric tube

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6
Q

During a laparotomy, the surgeon packs the abdominal contents away from the diseased area with:

A

moist laps

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7
Q

During a laparotomy, the duties of the STSR include:

A

Keep 4 x 4’s and needles on the back table, keep ESU free of debris and in its holster, and keep the surgical field free of instruments not in use

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8
Q

An esophageal diverticulum is also known as:

A

Zenker’s diverticulum

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9
Q

In what procedure is a portion of the stomach removed with an anastomosis created between the stomach and the jejunum?

A

Billroth II

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10
Q

The procedure traditionally performed to treat gastric ulcers and gastric carcinoma and is currently used to treat morbid obesity is:

A

Roux-en-Y

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11
Q

Morbid obesity id defined as a BMI greater than:

A

40

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12
Q

A common staple gun used to transect the stomach is ____, and the ____ gun is used to transect and anastomose the jejunum during a Billroth II procedure.

A

TA, GIA

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13
Q

the portion of the small intestine where a Meckel’s diverticulum arises is the :

A

Distal ileum

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14
Q

Twisting of the bowel is known as:

A

Volvulus

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15
Q

The procedure to treat venous distention causing pain, bleeding, and a prolapse outside the anal canal is known as:

A

Hemorrhoidectomy

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16
Q

The pancreatic duct is also known as:

A

Duct of Wirsung

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17
Q

Which tube may be inserted to produce a continuous post-op drainage of the CBD?

A

T-tube

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18
Q

A choledochoduodenostomy is an anastomosis between the:

A

common bile duct and duodenum

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19
Q

A whipple procedure consists of removal of:

A

Head of pancreas, duodenum, portion of jejunum, gallbladder, distal stomach, cystic duct, and distal portion of CBD

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20
Q

The passageway for foods and liquids into the digestive system and for air into the respiratory system:

A

Pharynx

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21
Q

Which of the abdominal muscles originates at the pubic bone and ends in the ribs?

A

Rectus abdominis

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22
Q

The spleen filters:

A

Blood

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23
Q

The spleen in located:

A

in the left hypochondriac region

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24
Q

All of the following are parts of the lymphatic system except:

Thyroid, tonsils, spleen, or thymus

A

Thyroid

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25
Q

The S-shaped bend in the lower colon is called the:

A

Sigmoid

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26
Q

The reabsorption of water and electrolytes in the main function of the:

A

Large intestine

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27
Q

The terminal portion of the large intestine is the:

A

Anal canal

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28
Q

Which structure lies retroperitoneally?

A

Kidney

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29
Q

The first portion of the large intestine:

A

Cecum

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30
Q

The appendix is attached to the:

A

Cecum

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31
Q

The primary function of the gallbladder:

A

Storage of bile

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32
Q

When the gallbladder contracts, bile is ejected into the:

A

duodenum

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33
Q

The area in the duodenum where the CBD and the pancreatic duct empty is called:

A

The ampulla of Vater

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34
Q

Which structure is also known as the “fatty apron”?

A

Greater omentum

35
Q

The CBD is the union of the:

A

Cystic duct and hepatic duct

36
Q

The yellow tinge in the skin symptomatic of obstructive jaundice is caused by the accumulation of what substance in the blood and tissue?

A

Bilirubin

37
Q

The head of the pancreas is located:

A

In the curve of the duodenum

38
Q

The sphincter at the junction of the small and large intestines is the:

A

ileocecal sphincter

39
Q

The portion of the small intestine that receives secretions from the pancreas and liver is:

A

Duodenum

40
Q

The region of the stomach that connects to the duodenum

A

Pylorus

41
Q

The mesentery is:

A

A double-layered peritoneal structure shaped like a fan

42
Q

The large central portion of the stomach

A

Body

43
Q

The muscle serving as a valve to prevent regurgitation of food from the small intestine back into the stomach

A

Pyloric sphincter

44
Q

The digestive passageway that begins at the pharynx and terminates in the stomach

A

Esophagus

45
Q

The point at which the esophagus penetrates the diaphragm

A

Hiatus

46
Q

The liver has how many lobes?

A

2 lobes

47
Q

The cell saver is contraindicated (inadvisable) for:

A

if Avitene is used

48
Q

An enteroscopy is the scoping of the:

A

small intestine

49
Q

Chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease can cause:

A

Dysphasia, aspiration, and Barrett’s esophagus

50
Q

Cellular changes of the mucosal lining of the distal esophagus that are known to be a precursor for esophageal cancer

A

Barrett’s esophagus

51
Q

The ligament of Treitz supports the:

A

Duodenum and jejunum

52
Q

A hiatal hernia is also termed:

A

Diaphragmatic

53
Q

The procedure performed for an esophageal diaphragmatic hernia

A

Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication

54
Q

A balloon catheter that is inserted into the esophagus and into the stomach and provides pressure to control bleeding from esophageal varices

A

Sengstaken-Blakemore

55
Q

What procedure is performed to reduce gastric secretions?

A

Vagotomy

56
Q

What is a pyloromyotomy?

A

procedure performed to create a larger passageway between the pyloric area of the stomach and duodenum; Symptoms are projectile vomiting in infants

57
Q

All are true regarding PEG tube placement except:
(A) uses a flexible gastroscope for placement through the abdominal wall
(B) used for internal feedings
(C) moderate sedation or local is used
(D) can be performed in OR, endoscopy room, or at patient’s bedside

A

(B) used for internal feedings

58
Q

Adhesions are caused by:

A

Radiation, previous surgeries, and/or foreign body reactions

59
Q

Billroth I is a resection of the diseased portion of the:

A

stomach with anastomosis between the stomach and duodenum

60
Q

The common hepatic duct becomes the CBD when the common hepatic duct joins the:

A

cystic duct

61
Q

The retractor used to lift he edge of the liver

A

Harrington/Sweetheart

62
Q

All are true regarding the liver except:
(A) located in the left upper quadrant
(B) produces bile
(C) encased by Glisson’s capsule
(D) right and left lobes are divided by falciform

A

(A) located in the left upper quadrant

62
Q

Instrument used to extend the CBD incision is ___. ___ is used to remove stones from the CBD. ____ is used to dilate the CBD. And ___ is used to drain the CBD

A

Potts, Randall, Bakes, T-tube

62
Q

All are true regarding bariatric surgery except:
(A) performed for obesity
(B) reduces the size of the stomach
(C) Also called a lap band
(D) performed for BMI below 25

A

(D) performed for BMI below 25

62
Q

The procedure performed to drain the CBD

A

Choledochotomy

63
Q

What instrument is used to obtain a liver biopsy?

A

A Silverman needle and Tru-Cut needle

64
Q

Hodgkin’s disease and sickle cell disease patients may require:

A

Splenectomy

65
Q

Which hernia occurs between the muscle layers of the abdomen and is difficult to diagnose?

A

Spigelian

66
Q

Which type of hernia involved the stomach protruding through the diaphragm?

A

Hiatal/Diaphragmatic

67
Q

The mesh used to repair a hernia is made of:

A

Gore-Tex, Prolene, or Teflon

68
Q

When doing a cut-down procedure for laparoscopic surgery, which type of trocar and cannula system is used?

A

Hasson

69
Q

What is the most proximal portion of the GI tract?

A

Esophagus

70
Q

Which blood vessels supply blood to the proximal large bowel?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

71
Q

What task can the circulator and STSR both perform?

A

Assist with the specimen

72
Q

All are variations of the transverse incision except:
(A) Maylard
(B) Cherney
(C) Pfannenstiel
(D) Oblique

A

Oblique

73
Q

Which organ is considered to have the largest mass of lymphatic tissue?

A

Spleen

74
Q

The triangle of Calot, also known as the cystohepatic triangle, is associated with what body system

A

Biliary

75
Q

A patient is diagnosed with portal hypertension. What are some common causes?

A

Blockage of the portal vein, hepatitis, and cirrhosis of the liver

76
Q

A T-tube placed in the CBD following laparoscopic cholecystectomy would exit through:

A

A 5mm port site

77
Q

Alcohol abuse is a precursor to:

A

Cirrhosis

78
Q

What is the fibrous covering of the liver?

A

Glisson’s

79
Q

What procedure is commonly performed with a hemorrhoidectomy?

A

Sigmoidoscopy, Proctoscopy, and/or anoscopy

80
Q

It is important to prevent damage to the long thoracic nerve during what surgical procedures?

A

Radical mastectomy and Axillary lymph node dissection

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