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Yellow Book > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

The English surgeon who established the first principles of aseptic technique

A

Lister

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2
Q

Passage of a fluid through a membrane is:
Mitosis
Meiosis
Osmosis
Symbiosis

A

Osmosis

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3
Q

Oxygen-dependent bacteria are called

A

Aerobic

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4
Q

The destruction of bacteria by white cells during the inflammatory stage is:
Symbiosis
Mitosis
Lymphocytosis
Phagocytosis

A

Phagocytosis

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5
Q

Bacteriostatic means:

A

Inhibit growth of microorganisms

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6
Q

Staphylococcus aureus would most likely be transmitted by:
Urine
Feces
Nose/mouth
Sex organs

A

Nose/mouth

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7
Q

Microbial death occurs when an organism is

A

no longer capable of reproduction

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8
Q

What immune protection is available to the fetus?

A

Natural passive

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9
Q

The clinical syndrome characterized by microbial invasion of the bloodstream

A

septicemia

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10
Q

The body’s first line of defense against the invasion of pathogen

A

Skin and mucous membranes

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11
Q

Rod-like-shaped bacteria are identified as

A

Bacilli

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12
Q

Herpes simplex is commonly called

A

Cold sore

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13
Q

All of the following descriptors refer to the inflammatory process except:
Heat
Pain
Vasoconstriction
Edema

A

Vasoconstriction

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14
Q

Clostridium tetani causes:

A

Lockjaw

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15
Q

A laboratory procedure useful in classifying bacteria using a staining procedure

A

Gram stain

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16
Q

A fulminating infection arising from necrotic tissue and spreading rapidly

A

Gas gangrene

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17
Q

A severe allergic reaction possibly resulting in death

A

Anaphylactic shock

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18
Q

What organism is responsible for a boil?

A

S. aureus

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19
Q

The organism most frequently found in burns

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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20
Q

Which type of wound would favor the development of gas gangrene?

A

Ischemic and necrotic

21
Q

Gas gangrene is caused by

A

C. perfringens

22
Q

The bacteria that are highly resistant to sterilization and disinfection

A

Spores

23
Q

The bacteria found in the intestinal tract

A

E. coli

24
Q

The space caused by separation of would edges

A

Dead space

25
Q

Which body fluid is least likely to transmit HIV?

A

Saliva

26
Q

Which bacteria are the common cause for postoperative wound infections?

A

S. aureus

27
Q

Hospital-acquired infections are known as

A

Nosocomial

28
Q

MRSA is a strain of S. aureus that is resistant to most antibiotics. What is the only drug of choice to treat MRSA at this time?

A

Vancomycin

29
Q

E. coli is part of the normal flora of the:

A

Intestinal tract

30
Q

The type of immunity that is acquired by vaccination

A

Artificial active acquired immunity

31
Q

What gram stain turns red at the end of the staining procedure?

A

Gram negative

32
Q

What living cells are more complex, have nuclei, and include protozoa, fungi, and green, red, and brown algae?

A

Eukaryotic

33
Q

Universal precautions is a previously used term. The term used now is:

A

Standard precautions

34
Q

Asepsis means:

A

Absence of microbes

35
Q

The microbes that reside on the skin and are easily removed are referred to as

A

Transient

36
Q

All factors increase the surgical patient’s risk for infection except:
Location of the surgery
Health of the patient
Length of the procedure
Position of the patient

A

Position of the patient

37
Q

What is responsible for bacterial motility?

A

Flagella

38
Q

Rickettsiae are transmitted by:

A

Arthropod bites

39
Q

When there is a relationship between two organisms that occupy the same space but one organism benefits and the other does not but is unharmed

A

Commensalism

40
Q

When there is a relationship between two organisms and one benefits at the expense of the other

A

Parasitism

41
Q

The basic structural and functional living unit of the body

A

Cell

42
Q

The biological indicator for ETO

A

Bacillus subtilis/Bacillus atrophaeus

43
Q

Inflammation in which gland may be used to diagnose the disease mumps?

A

Parotid

44
Q

What is the term for the division of a reproductive cell into two cells with chromosome cells?

A

Mitosis

45
Q

An inanimate object that contains microorganisms

A

Fomite

46
Q

What causes “mad cow” disease?

A

Prions

47
Q

When there is a continued presence of an infection

A

Chronic

48
Q

The definition of pandemic

A

Disease that has spread throughout the world

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