Xray Pathologies Flashcards
Benign Bone Tumor characteristics:
- Encapsulated
- Short Transition Zone
- Geographic
- Incidental Finding
Unicameral Bone Cyst
aka SBC (simple bone cyst)
CENTRALLY located!!
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
aka ABC
BLOOD filled
Giant Cell Tumor (GCT)
Epiphyseal location
20-40
QUASI-MALIGNANT (this is ONLY a characteristic of GCT)
BBT
Chondroblastoma
Osteoid Osteoma
Night pain relieved by aspirin!!!
Radiolucent central nidus w/ severe reactive sclerosis
BBT
Brodies Abcess
aka Chronic Osteomyelitis
appears like Osteoid Osteoma
BBT
Brodies Abcess
aka Chronic Osteomyelitis
appears like Osteoid Osteoma
Enchondroma
MC BBT of hand
Multiple enchondromas = Ollier’s Disease
w/ ST calcification = Maffucci’s Syndrome
Enostoma
Bone island
BBT
Osteopoikilosis
Multiple bone islands
BBT
Osteopoikilosis
Multiple bone islands
Osteoblastoma
MC BBT neural arch
Fibrous Dysplasia
BBT
Monostotic Form = 70% –> THICK RIND SIGN
Polystotic Form = 30%
- Deformities: Saber Shin Tibia (bowing tibia) + Sheppard’s Crook (bowing femur)
- Ground glass appearance
- !! “Cafe au lait” spots with “Coast of Maine” appearance
Unicameral Bone Cyst
aka SBC (simple bone cyst)
CENTRALLY located!!
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
aka ABC
BLOOD filled
Giant Cell Tumor (GCT)
Epiphyseal location
20-40
QUASI-MALIGNANT (this is ONLY a characteristic of GCT)
Chondroblastoma
Osteoid Osteoma
Night pain relieved by aspirin!!!
Radiolucent central nidus w/ severe reactive sclerosis
Brodies Abcess
aka Chronic Osteomyelitis
appears like Osteoid Osteoma
Enchondroma
MC BBT of hand
Multiple enchondromas = Ollier’s Disease
w/ ST calcification = Maffucci’s Syndrome
Pagets
aka Osteitis Deformans
- Males >50
- Picture Frame Vertebra!!!
- Stages: Lytic or Destructive –>Mixed –>Sclerotic –> Malignant (osteosarc –> only way older person can have it)
- Bone expansion, bowing deformities, cotton wool, blades of grass, sheaves of wheat, brim sign, osteoporosis circumscripta
Labs:
1) Alkaline Phosphatase increase
2) URINARY HYDROXYPROLINE!!
Enostoma
Bone island
Osteopoikilosis
Multiple bone islands
Osteoblastoma
MC BBT neural arch
Osteoma
MC BBT skull
MC in frontal sinus seen on CALDWELL PROJECTION!!!
Fibrous Dysplasia
Monostotic Form = 70% –> THICK RIND SIGN
Polystotic Form = 30%
- Deformities: Saber Shin Tibia (bowing tibia) + Sheppard’s Crook (bowing femur)
- Ground glass appearance
- !! “Cafe au lait” spots with “Coast of Maine” appearance
Neurofibromatosis
BBT
- Posterior VB scalloping
- !! “Cafe au lait” spots with “Coast of California” appearance
- Hypertension, Neurodeficits, Seizures
Multiple myeloma
aka Plasma Cell Sarcoma
aka Hematopoietic Disease
>50 CACHEXIA (wasting away)!! HX of infection MC primary malignancy of bone "Rain Drop Skull" !!!! (punched out lesions)
LABS:
1) m spike IEP
2) Reversed Albumin/Globulin Ratio
3) Bence-Jones Proteinuria
4) elevated ESR
* * Cold Bone Scan**
METS (lytic/blastic)
MC malignant tumor of BONE
Lytic METs
> 40 (unex wt loss + bone pain at night)
Owl Wink / Blind Vertebra!!!
“Swiss Cheese” Skull appearance!!!
Lab: ALKALINE phosphatase !!!
Hodgkin’s Disease
mc mets in 20-40
Ivory White Vertebra!!!
Anterior VB scalloping!!!
Reed Sternberg Cells
Ivory White Vertebra
1) Hodgkins
2) Blastic METs
3) Pagets
Blastic METS
> 40
Ivory White Vertebra
Alkaline Phosphatase
Pagets
aka Osteitis Deformans
Males
