XR equip operation - Image Production 4.2

Question 1

The law stating that the outer shell of an atom can contain no more than 8e is called

Answer 1

octet rule

Question 2

Examples of particulate radiation are

Answer 2

helium nuclei, beta and alpha particles, protons, neutron
These have mass and energy.
The law states no more than 8e in outer shell but it does not stipulate that there must be 8e in outer shell
Particulate radiations are highly ionizing

Question 3

Electromagnetic radiation travel

Answer 3

in waves of straight paths.

Bc it has mass, particulate radiation may travel along different paths

Question 4

= XRs travel at what speed

Answer 4

at the speed of light - 186,000 miles per second

Question 5

Wavelength is defined as the fr

Answer 5

peak to peak of the wave; crest to crest; trough to trough

Question 6

Frequency is defined as

Answer 6

Number of waves passing a point per unit of time.
Higher frequency waves have shorter waves.
Lower frequency waves have longer waves.

Question 7

Wavelenght and frequency

Answer 7

Inversely proportional to each other

Question 8

The speed of xrays is based on

Answer 8

the fact that they are a form of electromagnetic radiation.

The speed of XR travel is constant, regardless of the factors used to produce them.

Question 9

The XR beam changes as it travels through the pt by a process called

Answer 9

attenuation

Attenuation means XRs absorbed or scattered.

Question 10

The INTENSITY OF RADIATION IS INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE SQUARE OF THE DISTANCE between the source of radiation and the person recving it. This describes the

Answer 10

the inverse square law

The answer will always result in 1/4 or 4times.

Question 11

As radiation strikes matter

Answer 11

the energy is transferred to the atoms according to the law of conservation of energy.
Law of conservation states: energy cannot be created or destroyed; only changed in form. The energy is merely transferred.

Question 12

Statements regarding ELECTROSTATIC CHARGES

Answer 12

1. ES is the study of electric charges at rest.

2. ES charges concentrate on a conductor in the area of greatest curvature.

Question 13

CURRENT/MAGNETIC FIELDS/CONDUCTORS

Answer 13

1. A magnetic field always surrounds an electrical charge in motion.
2. Current flows back and forth in AC
3. Current flows in one direction in DC
4. A conductor allows the flow of electrons
5. The volt is the unit of potential difference
6. The path of the electrical current is called the circuit.

Question 14

ELECTROGMAGNETIC INDUCTION is the process of causing an electrical current to flow in a conductor

Answer 14

when it is placed in the magnetic field of another conductor.
Electromagnetic induction does not req to touch each other.

Question 15

2 types of electromagnetic induction are

Answer 15

self-induction and mutual-induction

Question 16

The strenght of the magnetic fields in a transformer is increased by

Answer 16

coiling the wires and letting their magnetic fields overlap.

This intensifies magnetic field making tansformer more efficient.

Question 17

Electricity is supplied to XR room by way of

Answer 17

generator

mechanical to electrical energy

Question 18

The electricity provided to the radiology dept is

Answer 18

60Hz AC
This equals 60 cycles per second;
At 110 or 220 volts

Question 19

The electricity provided to the radiology dept operates on

Answer 19

120 pulses per second
This equals 60 cycles per second
bc it cycles back and forth 120 times per second.

Question 20

High-frequency power

Answer 20

has almost NO ripple.

Low ripple = high average photon energy

Question 21

The primary advantage of 3 phase power is

Answer 21

voltage never drops to zero.

3phase power produces higher average photon energy than single phase power

Question 22

A variable transformer that is used to SELECT KVP for the XR circuit is the

Answer 22

Autotransformer

Question 23

What is the transformer used to BOOST VOLTAGE to kilovolts level called

Answer 23

Step-up transformer
The voltage is varied at the autotransformer.
Then boosted to KV level at the step-up transformer

Question 24

A transformer that has more turns in the secondary coil than in the primary coil is called

Answer 24

Step-up transformer

Transformer is named for what it does to voltage.

Question 25

Voltage coming to the XR machine is kept constant through the use of a

Answer 25

Line Voltage Compensator.

The older XR machine req to manually set; whereas the newer XR’s let machine do adjustment.

Question 26

Step-down transformer

Answer 26

steps down voltage

Question 27

Where does thermonic emission occur

Answer 27

cathode

Thermonic emission is boiling off e fr filament wire

Question 28

Which device is pre-reading

Answer 28

kvp meter
indicates what kvp will be after it steps-up
Hence: pre-reading

Question 29

What device reduces voltage and provides current to produce an e cloud/ or space charge at the filament

Answer 29

Step-down

And is located in the filament circuit

Question 30

What device is electronic, with settings as low as .001 sec

Answer 30

timer

Timers are accurate as low as 1/1000s, 1ms, .001s.

Question 31

Which of the following is surrounded by a negatively charged focusing cup

Answer 31

Filament
Focusing cup/ filament are part of cathode assembly.
Focusing cup has negative charge at time of exposure in order to repel e fr cathode.
Bc same charges repel.