XIX - Female Genital System and the Breast Flashcards
Lesion of the female vulva characterized by thinning of the epidermis and disappearance of rete pegs, hydropic degeneration of basal cells, superficial hyperkeratosis, dermal fibrosis with scant perivascular, mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrate. Occurs most commonly in postmenopausal women.
Lichen sclerosus(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 713
This disorder of the vulva is marked by epithelial thickening, expansion of the stratum granulosum, significant surface hyperkeratosis and pronounced leukocytic infiltrate. Appears clinically as an area of leukoplakia.
Lichen simplex chronicus(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 713
These are flat, moist, minimally elevated lesions that occur in secondary syphilis.
Condyloma lata(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 713
Lesions of the anogenital area which may be papillary and distinctly elevated or may be somewhat flat and rugose. Characteristic cellular morphology is the presence of cytoplasmic vacuolization with nuclear angular polymorphism and koilocytosis. Hallmark of HPV infection.
Condyloma acuminata(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 713
Red, scaly plaque, microscopically characterized by the spread of malignant cells within the epithelium, occasionally with invasion of underlying dermis. May have underlying carcinoma of a vulvar or perineal gland.
Paget disease of the Vulva(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 715
A soft polypoid mass, which is a rare form of primary vaginal cancer. Usually encountered in infants and children less than 5 y/o.
Sarcoma botryoides (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma)(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 716
Most commonly develops in the transformation zone of the cervix. Produces a “barrel cervix” if the tumor encircles the cervix and invades the underlying stroma.
Invasive carcinoma of the cervix(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 719
Protruding polypoid masses which are inflammatory in origin, soft, yields to palpation, and have a smooth, glistening surface with underlying cystically dilated spaces filled with mucinous secretion.
Endocervical polyp(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 721
Refers to the growth of the basal layer of the endometrium down to the myometrium. Nests of endometrial stroma, glands or both are found in the myometrium, in between muscle bundles.
Adenomyosis(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 721
Characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in a location outside the endomyometrium. Undergoes cyclic bleeding. Also called “chocolate cysts”.
Endometriosis(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 722
These are sharply circumscribed, firm, gray-white masses of the uterus, with “whorled” cut surface.
Leiomyoma(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 721
Solitary tumors of the uterus which arise de novo from the mesenchymal cells of the myometrium. Characterized byvtche presence of tumor necrosis, cytologic atypia and mitotic activity.
Leiomyosarcomas(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 725
Type of endometrial carcinoma associated with estrogen excess and endometrial hyperplasia.
Endometroid carcinoma(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 727
Type of endometrial carcinoma which occurs in older women and is usually associated with endometrial atrophy.
Serous carcinoma(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 727
Small, fluid-filled cysts which originate from the unruptured graafian follicles or in follicles that have ruptured and immediately sealed.
Follicle and luteal cysts(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 728
Triad of oligomenorrhea, infertility and obesity in young women secondary to excessive production of estrogens and androgens.
Polycystic ovaries(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 728
Other name for polycystic ovary syndrome?
Stein-Leventhal syndrome(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 728
Two most important risk factors for development of ovarian cancer.
Nulliparity and family history(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 729
Mutation of this gene is associated in the development of both ovarian and breast cancers.
BRCA 1(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 729
Mutation of this gene is associated with the development of breast cancer only,
BRCA 2(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 729
Benign lesion of the ovary most commonly seen in women 30-40 years old. Most frequent of the ovarian tumors. Serosal covering is smooth and glistening. Characterized histologically by tall, columnar epithelium and the presence of Psammoma bodies.
Serous tumor of the ovary(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 730
Large, multilocular tumors of the ovaries, without psammoma bodies. Composed of mucin-producing epithelial cells.
Mucinous Tumors (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 731
Metastasis of mucinous tumor of the gastrointestinal tract to the ovaries is called?
Krukenberg tumor(TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 731
A rare, solid, unilateral ovarian tumor consisting of an abundant stroma containing nests of transitional-like epithelium resembling that of the urinary tract.
Brenner Tumor (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 8th ed., p 732