WWII Flashcards
What were the causes of WWII?
- Nationalism
- Imperialism
- Militarism
- Alliance System
What is nationalism?
a devotion to the interests and culture of one’s nation
What is imperialism?
economic, military, and cultural influence over weaker nations
What is militarism?
the growth of nationalism and imperialism led to increased military spending
What is alliance system?
by 1907, Europe was divided into 2 armed camps (BEFORE WAR)
- Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
- Triple Entente: Britain, France, and Russia
What was the Zimmerman note?
- a telegram from the German foreign minister to the German Ambassador in Mexico
- it proposed an alliance
When was the Selective Service Act passed?
May of 1917
What was the Selective Service Act?
- allowed federal government to raise a national army through conscription
- 24 mil signed up and 3 mil were called to duty by 1918
What was the Schlieffen Plan?
- an operational plan for a designated attack on France once Russia had started to mobilize her forces near the German border
- created by General Count Alfred in 1905
What was the Black Hand?
a group of Serbian assassins that undermined Austrian rule
What caused the rise of the Black Hand?
The Bosnian Crisis (1908) which was when Austria-Hungary officially annexed Bosnia
Who was Gavrilo Princip?
- assassinated Archduke Ferdinand which sparked the war (not the sole cause tho)
- sentenced to 20 years but only served 4 due to tuberculosis
Name the Central Powers and their leaders:
- Austria-Hungary: Charles I of Austria
- Germany + Prussia: Kaiser Wilhelm II
- Ottoman Empire: Mehmed VI
- Bulgaria: Tsar Ferdinand
Name the countries of the Triple Entente
- France
- UK of England
- Russian Empire
- Italy
- US
Name the leader of France:
President Raymond Poincare
Name the leader of UK of Engalnd:
Prime Minister David Lloyd George
Name the leader of Russian Empire:
Tsar Nicholas Romanov II
Name the leader of Italy:
Prime Minister Antonia Salandra
Name leader of US:
- Woodrow Wilson
- did not enter war until 1917
What happened to the Lusitania and when did it happen?
- May 7, 1915
- German boat sinks the British cruise ship which killed 128 American tourists (over 1,000 ppl)
When is Armistice Day?
November 11, 1918
What is Armistice Day?
- Last day of the Great War
- 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month
What did the Treaty of Versailles do?
- established 9 new nations
- broke up Asutro-Hungarian Empire and Ottoman Empire
- Germany was barred from maintaining an army, had to return Alsace Lorraine to France, and had to pay $30 bill in reparations to the allies
What were the 9 new nations established by the Treaty of Versailles?
- Finland
- Austria
- Czecho
- Yugoslavia
- Poland
- Lithuania
- Latvia
- Estonia
- Hungary
