wwi

Question 1

who wanted to assassinate Austro-Hungarian officials?

Answer 1

Bosnian-Serb nationalists

Question 2

who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Sophie von Chotkovato

Answer 2

Gavrilo Princip

Question 3

How were Ferdinand and von Chotkovato assassinated?

Answer 3

shot and killed on the way back from Sarajevo after an unsuccessful bombing

Question 4

what happened after Ferdinand and von Chotkovato were assassinated?

Answer 4

Austria-Hungary issued the July Ultimatum

Question 5

what did the July Ultimatum address?

Answer 5

demands to serbia to maintian good relations: arrest those involved in the assassination, suppress anti-Austria-Hungary publications

Question 6

why did Austria-Hungary declare war?

Answer 6

Serbia did not follow demands of the ultimatum–serbian reservists crossed into Austro-Hungarian territory of the Temes-Kubin river

Question 7

why did Germany join the war?

Answer 7

it was in a Triple Alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy, meaning they all had to fight together

Question 8

what countries were in the Triple Entente?

Answer 8

UK, France, Russia

Question 9

how did France enter the war?

Answer 9

Germany declared war on Russia and France because they were allied with Serbia

Question 10

how did the Russian Revolution cause America to join the war?

Answer 10

Americans didn’t want to support a monarchy so once the monarch died they decided to join

Question 11

what ultimately led to America joining the war?

Answer 11

unrestricted submarine warfare

Question 12

what other factors influenced america joining the war?

Answer 12

the Zimmerman Note, the Russian Revolution, and the Sussex Pledge

Question 13

what was the Sussex Pledge

Answer 13

a promise to the U.S. that Germany would not target passenger ships, not sink merchant ships without searching them, and not jeopardize the safety of people on such ships as a result of the sinking of the Sussex (preceded by the sinking of Lusitania)

Question 14

what were the results of the sinking of Lusitania?

Answer 14

received widespread media coverage and strained Germany’s relations with the U.S. after it killed 128 American civilian passengers

Question 15

Zimmerman Note

Answer 15

a message from Germany sent to Mexico proposing an alliance against the United States that convinced Congress to enter the Great War, deciphered by British cryptographers

Question 16

what was the War Industries Board?

Answer 16

A federal agency designed to martial human and physical resources for the production of resources such as guns and uniforms using the assembly line, mass production, and interchangeable parts

Question 17

espionage act

Answer 17

Criminalization of media that harmed the American military or spread misinformation. The Postmaster general was allowed to seize mail that was deemed in violation of the Espionage Act.

Question 18

sedition act

Answer 18

amended the Espionage Act to criminalize any disloyalty to the American government or military (repealed in 1920)

Question 19

how did women participate in the war?

Answer 19

first war that women were allowed to fight in; hired en masse to fill job positions; advocated for peace; served as military nurses

Question 20

what did most african american soldiers do?

Answer 20

built trenches, bridges, and essential roads (and sometimes fought although they were segregated)

Question 21

woodrow wilson’s plan that resulted in the league of nations

Answer 21

fourteen points

Question 22

how did woodrow wilson play a role in the league of nations

Answer 22

proposed the idea of a unified body of countries for peace and freedom despite not being part of the league of nations. also participated in writing the treaty of versailles

Question 23

john j pershing

Answer 23

commander of two million soldiers in the American Expeditionary Forces

Question 24

who were the central powers?

Answer 24

germany, austria-hungary, bulgaria, ottoman empire

Question 25

who were the devil dogs

Answer 25

the marines at belleau wood that pushed germans out of the forest

Question 26

who were the major countries in the allied forces?

Answer 26

Russia, UK, US, Serbia, France, Italy,

Question 27

what is unrestricted submarine warfare?

Answer 27

naval warfare where submarines sink merchant ships without warning

Question 28

why did germany do unrestricted submarine warfare?

Answer 28

to starve britain of resources

Question 29

what was the battle of the somme?

Answer 29

battle lasting from july 1 to november 18, killing about a million soldiers. was fought between the French Third Republic and British Empire against Germany. The british fourth army broke in through the center, the third army through the north, and french sixth army through the south for diversionary attacks and used tanks to attack

Question 30

battle of verdun

Answer 30

eric von falkenhein tried to lure france into verdun (a symbolic location that would weaken morale if faced with defeat) and force troops into a battle of attrition (losing so many resources and soldiers that they can't fight), resulting in the french forming the first fighters squadron. the french won

Question 31

what was La Bois Sacre

Answer 31

The Sacred Way, a route that transported resources to the French during the Battle of Verdun

Question 32

russian women's battalion

Answer 32

led by maria bochkareva and intended to boost morale for the men but backfired. repelled 14 attacks from germany and worked harder than the men

Question 33

battle at messines ridge

Answer 33

south of ypres, belgium. dug tunnels with explosives that exploded in 1917 and killed between 6,000 and 10,000 people, exploding over six miles and leaving many people deaf or shaky. british intended to capture messines ridge and eventually were left with no opposition

Question 34

lizzie

Answer 34

elephant that carted munitions, machines, and scrap metal and took the job of three hourses

Question 35

why were elephants used in wwi

Answer 35

as sources of labor to replace horses that were in war. they, along with donkeys, mules, etc. were mostly brought in from sanger's circus

Question 36

what did the elephants do

Answer 36

heavy loading, carrying around munitions, scrap metal, plowing fields, transporting hay, etc.

Question 37

treaty of versailles

Answer 37

treaty that ended wwi in 1920. required financial reparations of 31.4 billion dollars, 68 thousand square kilometers of land that had 8 million inhabitants, Germany slowing down their ore and agriculture production, and demilitarization/reduction of soldiers in germany. crippled germany by making them lose land, money, and their army

Question 38

what were the nine new countries

Answer 38

Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Lithuania, Finland, Austria, Hungary, Estonia, Latvia, Poland

Question 39

what was the league of nations

Answer 39

originated after wwi to promote world peace founded by woodrow wilson; promoted international cooperation, peace, security, and fair distribution of resources; did not include the usa; failed after ww2; and had a lack of devotion to initiating solutions. replaced by the UN in 1945