ww2 Flashcards
what started the Second Sino-Japanese War?
armies overrunning eastern China
how did Italy gain Ethiopia?
their weapons were outdated
how did Hitler first deify the Treaty of Versailles?
he sent troops into the demilitarized Rhineland
what is pacifism?
the action of keeping peace
how did America try to stay out of the war?
congress passed the Neutrality acts
what did the neutrality acts say?
it is illegal to help countries in the war and you cannot board any ship that is involved in war
who were the Axis powers?
Italy, Germany, and Japan
what united Germany and Austria?
the Anschluss
what land did Hitler annex?
the Sudetenland in western Czechoslovakia
what happened at the munch conference?
european democracies again chose appeasement
what did Hitler sign promising not to invade Stalin?
the Nazi-Soviate pact
why did Britain and France declare war on Germany?
Because they promised to protect Poland; Germany invaded Poland
How did Hitler invade Poland?
through a blitzkrieg (lightning war) and the Luftwaffe bombed factories and towns
what was going on when Hitler invaded Poland?
The soviet union was invading the other side at the same time
How did German forces attack France?
they bypassed the Maginot line and invaded though Belgium
what happened at the merical of Dunkirk?
Britain sent ships across the English Channel and evacuated stranded ships.
what did Vicky France become after the invasion?
a puppet state
who occupied Northern France?
Germany
what did Charles de Gaulle do?
led the “free French” from Britain
who were the RAF
The Royal Air Force
how did civilians survive the battle of Britain?
they hid in the London underground (subway)
how did Prime Minister Churchill govern during the battle of Britain?
from an underground bunker
who was the “desert fox”?
General Erwin rommel
where did Hitler send the “desert fox”?
North Africa
who was the red army?
the soviet union
what did the soviet union do in fear of Germany advancing?
they launched a scorched earth policy
why did many nazis die when invading the soviet union?
they couldn’t survive the cold winters
what happened at the siege of Leningrad?
over a million leningraders died but the city did not fall to Germany
what did the lend-lease act do?
allowed FDR to aid any nation whos defence was vital to American security
what was the Atlantic charter?
a document that set goals for war and the postwar world.
who signed the Atlantic Charter?
FDR and Churchill
why did the US cut off supplies to Japan?
They kept invading countries
who was the leader of Japan in WW2?
Hideki Tojo
who was joseph stalin?
the leader of the soviet union
when was the attack on Pearl Harbor
December 7 1941
what was the saying from the attack on Pearl Harbor?
“a date which will live in infamy”
how many Japanese warplanes were sent to Pearl Harbor?
180
How did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
with bombs and strafed (shot from an airplane)
what did the US do in response to Pearl Harbor?
Declared war on Japan
what restored the economy after the great depression?
wartime production
how did the US finance the war?
the treasury department sold war bonds to fund the war
how did the US ration food and other items?
with the use of rationing books
who was Rosie the riveter?
a symbol for women who entered wartime industries
where did Americans send Japanese and Nazi people during the war?
to internment camps
who was Britain’s general at the Battle of El Alamein?
Benard Montgomery
what happened at the battle of EL Alamein?
The British pushed Rommels Afrika troops back across Libya
who was the general who attacked Sicily?
American General Gorge S. Patton
what happened when the Allies advanced through Italy?
Germans in northern Italy surrendered
what was the turning point of the war in the East?
Stalingrad
what was D-day?
the invasion of Normandy by being the largest landing by sea in history
what sparked the Battle of the Bulge?
Germany launched a counterattack after D-day
what did Germany realize at the Battle of the Bulge?
defeat was inevitable
who were the big three?
Rosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
what day did Germany surrender on?
Victory in Europe day. or V-E day
when Germany surrendered how was it split?
4-way split where each split was controlled by a major ally
what became the official policy of Nazi Germany?
antisemitism
what were the Nuremberg laws?
laws that stripped Jews of their German citizenship
how could Germans tell if someone was a Jew?
Jews were forced to carry id cards with a J for Jew on them
what was the private police of the Nazi party?
The SS
who were the Gestapo?
the secrete police of Germany
what did the Gestapo do?
Persecuted people who did not follow new nazi laws
what was Kristallnacht?
“the night of broken glass” where Nazis looted and destroyed Jewish stores, houses, and synagogues
Did the US ease its immigration laws for immigrant Jews?
no
where were Polish Jews put under Nazi control?
the warsaw ghetto
who were the einstagruppen and what did they do?
mobile killing units who murdered Jews in Poland by firing squad
what was the name of the gas used to kill jews in death camps?
Zyklon B
where did they take elderly women and children as well as sick or disabled people as soon as they got to the camps?
the gas chambers
what did they do with the dead Jews bodies in death camps
they burned them
What did Jews do in the camps?
hard labor
who was the angel of death?
Dr Joseph Mengel
how many people died in the Holocaust?
around 11 million
how many Jews were killed in the Holocaust?
around 6 million
what happened in the Warsaw ghetto uprising?
700 Jews fought 2000 Germans
what happened to Nazis who participated in the holocaust?
they were sentenced to death or given life imprisonment for war crimes
who was general MacArthur?
the American general stationed in the Philippines
where did FDR tell MasAurthur to escape to before the attack on the Philippines?
Australia
what happened in the Philippines
Americans surrender to the Japanese
what was the Battan death march?
a death march where Japanese soldiers made Philippines people march for 6-12 days back and forth
what was the first naval battle to be carried out entirely by aircraft?
the battle of the coral sea
who won the battle of the Coral Sea?
no one but it was a moral victory for the allies
what happened at the Battle of Midway?
americans demolished 4 Japanese carries
what type of war happened at the battle of Guadal canal?
Jungle
what battle did the Japanese use kamakazis at?
The Battle of Leyte Gulf
what happened in Iwo Jima?
American planes bombed Japanese tunnel hideouts on the small volcanic islands
what was the name of the project that created the first atomic bomb?
the manhattan project
what was the name of the first atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima?
little boy
how many people did “little boy” kill
around 70,000
who ended up surrendering after the second atomic bomb was dropped?
Emperor Hirohito
what was the name of the day the peace treaty was signed ending the war entirely?
V-J day or victory in Japan day
where was the second atomic bomb dropped at?
Nagasaki
