interwar years! Flashcards
what was the roaring 20s?
the time when rebellious young people rejected the moral values of the Victorian age
what was a flapper?
a dress that symbolized the young liberated woman
what was the flapper image?
dresses and hairstyles got shorter
were most women flappers?
no
_____ boomed while Europe recovered from the war
U.S.
Who rejected moral values of the Victorian Age?
Rebellious young people
Who symbolized the young, liberated women?
Flappers
Despite having professional positions, what did few women do?
vote
What Amendment banned alcohol?
18th
What followed the 18th Amendment in U.S.?
organized crime
To whom did bootleggers sell illegal alcohol?
Owners of speakeasies
Who argued that the Bible was inspired by God & cannot contain contradictions or errors?
Religious traditionalists
Who was found guilty of teaching evolution?
scopes
Who led the literary movement in Paris?
Ernest Hemingway & F. Scott Fitzgerald
Who wrote in the “stream of consciousness?”
Virginia Woolf and James Joyce
What was the cultural awakening among blacks in NYC called?
Harlem Renaissance
Who found that the atoms of certain elements spontaneously charged particles?
Marie Curie
What theory stated that measurements of space & time are not absolute, but are determined by the relative position of the observer?
Einstein’s Theory of Relativity
What did Alexander Fleming accidentally discover?
Penicillin
Who pioneered psychoanlaysis?
Sigmund Freud
What did Pablo Picasso develop?
cubism
What artists believed there was no sense or truth in the world?
Dada
What surrealist artist portrayed the workings of the unconscious mind?
Salvador Dali
What did Irish nationalists launch?
easter rising
What part of Ireland remained in the U.K.?
northern
What was the fear of radicals & the Bolshevik Revolution set off?
red scare
What did France construct to secure its borders against Germany?
Maginot Line
Who wanted to relax the peace treaty’s harsh treatment of Germany?
Britian
What pact pursued disarmament?
Kellogg-Briand Pact
League of Nations condemned Japan’s invasion of __________ but took no action.
Manchuria
Who owed war debts to the U.S. & relied on reparation payments from Germany?
Britain & France
What led to a general strike in Britain & France?
low wages
What happened because factories overproduces?
Great Depression
What happened because Americans played the stock market & brought goods on credit?
great depression
Who raised interest rates?
Federal Reserve
When did the stock market crash?
october 29, 1929
What were the cities where homeless Americans lived?
Hoovervilles
What was the long drought and dust storms called?
Dust Bowl
Who photographed the crisis in U.S.?
Dorothea Lange
Who couldn’t make reparations payments?
Germany
Who couldn’t repay loans from the U.S.?
France & Britain
What government offered unemployment benefits?
Britain’s coalition government
Who reassured the American nation through “fireside chats?”
FDR
What was the offer of new economic & social programs in U.S. called?
New Deal
What created fertile ground for extremist who promised radical solutions?
Postwar disillusionment
Who marched on Rome?
Black shirts
Who was appointed prime minister of a new government in Italy?
Mussolini
What title did Mussolini take?
“Il Duce” The leader
Whose dictatorship was upheld by terror?
Mussolini’s
What was forbidden even though capitalism was preserved in Italy?
Worker strikes
What did Mussolini have?
State control of the economy
What did Mussolini think was all-important?
Glorious state
What did a person have to be to be important under Mussolini’s rule?
Member of the state
What promised a strong, stable government & an end to political feuding?
Fascism
Who pursued national goal & supported a society with defined classes?
Fascists
What two systems drew power from blind devotion to the state?
Communism & fascism
What was ruled by a chancellor who led an unstable coalition government?
Weimer Republic
What did the German government do to make inflation spiral out of control?
Print marks
Under what plan did France withdraw forces from the Ruhr Valley?
Dawes Plan
What did America do under the Dawes Plan?
Loan Germany money
What book outlined Hitler’s obsessions?
Mein Kampf
Whose obsession was extreme nationalism, racism, & anti-semitism?
Hitler
What was the German “master race” called?
Aryans
What title did Hitler take?
Der Fuhrer
Who appointed Hitler as chanecellor?
Conservative politicians
What did Hitler rule as?
Totalitarian dictator
Who rooted out opposition in Germany?
Gestapo
What did German textbooks reflect?
Nazi racial views
Who led the Spanish nationalists in a revolt supported by Hitler & Mussolini?
Francisco Franco
Where was the German air raid that killed 1000 civilians?
Guernica
Who created a fascist dictatorship in Spain?
Francisco Franco
A ban on the manufacture and sale of alcohol in the United States from 1920 to 1933
Prohibition
Religious leader who calls for a return to what he or she sees as the fundamental, or basic, values of his or her faith
Fundamentalist
An African American cultural movement in the 1920s and 1930s, centered in Harlem
Harlem Renaissance
A method of studying how the mind works and treating mental disorders
Psychoanalysis
Style of art composed of lines, colors, and shapes, sometimes with no recognizable subject matter at all
abstract art
Artistic movement in which artists rejected tradition and produced works that often shocked their viewers
Dada
Artistic movement that attempts to portray the workings of the unconscious mind
Surrealism
Massive fortifications built by the French along their border with Germany in the 1930s to protect against invasion
Maginot Line
An international agreement, signed by almost every nation in 1928, to stop using war as a method of national policy
Kelogg-Briand Pact
Reduction of armed forces and weapons
Disarmament
Condition in which production of goods exceeds the demand for them
Overproduction
Central banking system of the United States, which regulates banks
Federal Reserve
A painful time of global economic collapse, starting in 1929 and lasting until about 1939
Great Depression
A massive package of economic and social programs established by Franklin Delano Roosevelt to help Americans during the Great Depression
New Deal
Any centralized, authoritarian government system that is not communist, whose policies glorify the state over the individual and are destructive to basic human rights
Fascism
Any member of the militant combat squads of Italian Fascists set up under Mussolini
Black Shirt
Planned march of thousands of Fascist supporters to take control of Rome; in response Mussolini was given the legal right to control Italy
March on Rome
Official name of the Nazi party for its regime in Germany; held power from 1933 to 1945
Third Reich
