WW1 to End of Civil war Flashcards
Warlords
Power vacuum in China GMD no authority 1916-1928
China in WW1
Join allies in hpe it would get back the parts in China under German control however Japan refuses to let them fight so they join the allied war effort.
May 4th movement
4 May 1919 3000 sudents demostarted in Beijing and atacked the foreing minister of Japns house. China refuse to sign the Paris peace tretay Mr democracy mr radical massive transformation
SYS Chiang kaishek GMD
GMD new principles: nationalism democracy and socail welfare. Join CCP yo crate a united front. 1925 SYS dies Chinag Kaishek mistrust the influence of SU but kept up a front until warlords defeated.
Northern expedition
1926-1928 SYS priciples to unify China got x2 of the support
Shanghai massacre
April 1927 CKS belives CCP getting too powerful s rids them of the GMD and ends united front kills 5000 communists.
4 extermiantion campaigns
1927-34 Guerilla tactics not successful
5th 1934-35 NRA boosted builtt stone forts no food RA ordered to have a proper battle.
Long march
Oct 1934 -1935
Marched 6000 miles 86000 soldiers marched in a straight line and attacked at Xiang river 3600 men los. Change of leaders back to Mao now in smaller groups and zigzagging 5000 survived but 90% died was an epic battle but GMD said was a retreat. Good propaganda.
War with Japan
1937 Japan expands territory Jul CKS declares war
1936 Chiang kidnapped until promised to end civil war. Japans 3 all burn all loot all kill all dec 1937 thousands of women and girls repeated rapidly.
Role of CCP during war
100 regiments offensive attack Japan in the north Mao says Guerilla tactics eneded the war.
Limitations of the GMD
performance was poor, force recuritments unpopular with the peasants and gov. was dishonest by 1938 Japanese owned 40% of the population and 95% of industry.
Strengths of the GMD
Began in a much stronger position NRA 5 mill troops PLA 900,000 USA support and majority of the control over China
PLA sucesses
June 1946 peace talks collapse civl war won very quickly NRA lost 500,000 troops and in November 1948 they retreated out of Manchuria.
Battle of Huai Hai
1948-49 CKS send 800,000 troops to stop the PLA advance CCP use intelligence to find out and are ready so use gorilla tactics to cut off supply lines and propaganda to lure them in NRA could not stop the advance.
End of the War
Jan 1949 Beijing is taken over by PLA
April 1949 NRA captial Nanjing taken over
Sept 1949 almost all of China taken over
Oct 1949 Maos declares a peoople republic
Dec 1949 CKS gov. flees to Taiwan
