China 1976 - 89 Rise and fall of the Gang of four

Question 1

Deng

Answer 1

1978 Deng is leader 4 modernisations to industry defence science agriculture
It doesn’t matter whether a cat is black or white so long as it catches mice

Question 2

Changes in Agri

Answer 2

4 changes:
Communes gone now Xiangs
Each had a quota
Surplus could be sold for profit
Household responsibility system allowed plant whatever they want increase in flexibility increase in production by 144%

Question 3

Changes in industry

Answer 3

State owned enterprises remained but now could make profits and sets targets
Open door industry
SEZs set up increase export trade by 500% by 1990
Copied in rural areas as well

Question 4

Changes in education

Answer 4

Uni entrance exams introduced
Private unis were allowed and encouraged
Student could travel to West for a bit for education
Research programmes and establishments were reintroduced ending the repression.

Question 5

Birth control

Answer 5

1979 974 million in China
New marriage law
20 for women 22 for men
1 child and permit needed
Abortion and sterilisation forced
Rewards
Punishments and struggle sessions
Female infantacide as with a girl no descendants and only male can nourish and worship ancestors

Question 6

Consequences of birth control

Answer 6

200 out of 500 girls born were killed
Worries about spoilt litlle emeprors gifts
2 sets of grandparents
Mental health issues as lots of pressurez
1990s gangs emereged to teal boys for rich parents desperate for a boy.

Question 7

Key principles of Deng

Answer 7

CCP leading role
Reelected the multiparty system
No freedom of speech
No free elections

Question 8

Democract wall movement

Answer 8

Wei Jingsheng puts poster on wall saying CCP like Qing dynasty arrested in 1979 and sentenced to 15 years in jail
Youths wanted to end corruption and for the CCP to honour its claims that it was of the will of the people

Question 9

Demonstrations in Beijing

Answer 9

1985 due to poor living conditions and high rents Hu Yaobeng showed sympath and was scaked he died and caused the demostrations
Public transprot workers allowed the protestors to travel for free
Gorbachev decides to visit china from SU but don;t cancel instead decide to reschedule timetable and miss out Tianenmen square
After Deng intros a martial law then the non student population join in the protest

Question 10

Tianenem Square

Answer 10

We want democracy We want Deng to go
Blocked streets and delayed attempts to restore order
2nd June PLA troops surround
3rd June clear by morning
China in 1989 was governed by Maos beliefs
Reactions: Interantionally of universal condemantion
SU said dissaproved and wished the matter had been handled differently
China still refuse to explain massacre just that it was an attack on counterrevolutionaries
Economic reforms to continue