WW1 (Part 1) Flashcards
what country had been living in peace for nearly a century by 1914?
Europe
_____hoped for a permanent end to all war.
Others believed a “Great War” was ______
Idealists
Inevitable
What is meant by a “Great War”?
a war impacting many countries with improved technology killing a lot more people
Who created modern day Germany?
Otto Von Bismarck
What was Otto Von Bismarck’s Quote?
“I shall not live to see the Great War, but you will see it and it will start in the east”
Throughout the late 1800’s and early 1900’s efforts were made to _________
end the terror of war
Who was Alfred Nobel?
- ______ inventer of ______
- came to regret _____uses of ________
- in his will he set up the ______
- sweedish, dynamite
- the military, his invention
- nobel peace prize
What was the nobel peace price?
each year someone is awarded this prize because of his work advancing peace
First National Peace Conference
- Brought leaders together in the ______
- They set up a ____ called the _____ to settle disputes between nations.
- This could not _______ or ______
- Despite all these efforts a ___ seemed to be on its way.
- Netherlands
- world court, Hague Tribunal
- force nations to submit their disputes, enforce its rulings
- big war
The causes of WW1?
MAIN
- Militarism
- Alliances
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
What is intense love of ones country?
Nationalism
National pride (nationalism) can fuel bitter _____. Which can sometimes lead to war based on _______.
conflict
war-racism
In early 1900”s aggressive _______ was the leading cause of international ______
nationalism
tension
- Nationalism was strong in _____ and ______
- _____ was proud of their military
- France longed to be Europe’s leading ____ again.
- France resented _____ occupation of Alsace and Lorraine.
- France wanted _____against germany for the Franco-Prussian war.
- Germany and France
- Germans
- Power
4 German - revenge
What is it called when all Slavic people shared a common nationality.
Pan Slavism
_______ felt, as the largest Slavic country that it had a duty to lead and protect all Slavs.
Russia
CRISIS IN THE BALKANS
- ________ worried nationalism might foster rebellion among the many minority populations within its empire
- ______ felt threatened by new nations on its borders-especially ______
- In 1912, the Balkan states attacked ______
- By 1914, the Balkans were the “______” of Europe.
- Austria-Hungary
- Ottoman Turkey, Serbia
- Turkey
- powder keg
- Britain felt threatened by Germany’s rapid ______growth.
- 1900-Germany’s new, modern _______increasingly out produced _____
- Germany believed other world powers did not give them_______
- Economic
- factories, Britain
- enough respect
- Competition for ______ brought France & Germany to the brink of war.
- As a result, ______ and France began forming closer ties against germany
- Colonies
2. Britain
the glorification of the military
militarism
What came to dominate national policy?
armed forces and readiness for war
Militarists painted war in ____ colors
romantic
What justified stronger nations in taking the weaker nations?
Social Darwinism
The Arms race:
- As the tensions grew the great powers expanded their _____
- The fiercest competition was the ____rivalry between______ and ______
- Military
2. Naval, Britain, Germany
- Fear and distrust led the great powers to protect themselves through ______
- _____ were signed pledging to defend each other
- alliances
2. treaties
Who were in the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire
Who were in the Aliied Powers?
France, Britain, Russian, and Italy
- Archduke Franz ____ of Austria-Hungary would visit Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia.
- Bosnia was the neighbor of ____
- June 28th was the anniversary of the battle of _____ in 1389
- Ferdinand
- Serbia
- Kosovo
The Serbians took the archduke coming on June 28 as an ______
Insult
_______ shot _____ and his wife during their motorcade ride through Sarajevo. Their driver took _____
Gavrilo Princip
Archduke Ferdinand
A wrong turn
Because Archduke was shot, _____ sent ______ an ultimatum which _____ part was rejected so they declared war
Austria
Serbia
one
Serbia asked Russia to talk to _____, which they don’t cooperate so Russia declares war on them.
______supported russia
______declared war on _____ because they would not stay neutral
________ and _____ were neutral at first.
Germany
France
Germany, France
Italy & Great Britain
Germany did not want a two front war so they came up with the ______, which was to have ___%invade ____ and through a neutral country and meet the other ___% to fight _____
Schlieffen Plan
90% , France
10%, Britain
Germany invading Belgium caused _____ to declare war on Germany
Britain
\_\_\_\_\_\_wanted to punish Serbia \_\_\_\_\_ wanted to support Austria \_\_\_\_\_ was offended by Austria giving Serbia an Ultimatum \_\_\_\_\_\_supported Russia \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ felt committed to protect \_\_\_\_\_
Austria Germany Russia France Britain, France
The Schlieffen plan failed because of _____ resistance.
this brings _______ into war. ____ wins small battles in the east because they mobilized quickly.move weekened _____ forces in the west. their offensive ______.
belguim great britain russia german stalls
with ____ coming both sides began to dig ____. Thes lines remained for ___ years. fighting in the ____ turns into a stalemate.
winter
trenches
four
west
whats a stalemate
a deadlock neither side could break
new advances in ____ meant thousands of men could be killed in hours. WWI is the first ____ fully _____ war. ______ altered the nature of fighting. ____ would have a greater impact later.
technology modern industrialized machine guns tanks
poison gas was first used by the ______ in ypres belguim.
germans
What are the three different types of gas ?
tear gas
mustard gas
chlorine gas
What happened to tear gas that was inconvienient?
it froze in the winter
how did people defend against chlorine gas
wet clothes over their face
what gas makes u itch
mustard gas
poison gas was _____ by international agreement
outlawed
________ used poison gas in the 1990s against _____ rebels
saddam hussain
kurdish
with ____ if they aimed poorly they could kill their own men
artillery
tanks were first used by the _____. at the battle of ____.
brittish
somme
machine guns helped create _____ by making it difficult to cross no mans land.
stale mate
submarines were used by the _____ these helped bring ___ into the war.
germans
US
at first the ____ was just used for observation.
they are also known as ____.
airplanes
“aces”
treches spanned from ______ to the ______.
between the treches there was _________.
swiss alps
english channel
no mans land
_________ was caused by cold and unsanitary conditions. avoided it by changing your _____.
socks
trench foot
Trench mouth is a servere case of ______ due to a lack of care for the _____. Causes painful infected and bleeding _____ and ________.
gingivitis
teeth
gums
ulterations
what is total war
channeling the nations entire resources into a war effort.
only _____ didnt impose a draft until later in the war
great britain
how do government raise money for the war? r b r s p w
raised taxes borrowed money rationed food boots and gasoline set price controls prohibited strikes war bonds
when fighting a war an important thing is controlling ______.
public opinion
concerted set of messages aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of a large group of people.
propaganda
propaganda is used as a _____ and to keep the ______ a secret. _____ were censored.
distraction
casualties
pictures
what are atrocities?
political pr ethically motivated killing of civilians
