WW Dos Flashcards
Nazis stormed into Poland and launched what? Also known as what?
Blitz Krieg
“the lightening war”
What was the purpose of Blitz Krieging?
To Avoid trench warfare like WW1
What was the German Airforce called? They bombed airfields, factories, towns, and cities.
Luftwaffe
How did Germans “‘break the rules of war”?
Fired upon civilians
Who invaded who first between Poland and Germany?
Germans invaded Poland
Which country pledged to protect Poland if it was invaded?
Britain
How many days did it take after the invasion for Britain to declare war on Germany?
3
What other country declared war on Germany other than Britain?
France
What was the purpose of the attack on the Polish town of Wielan where 12,000 civilians died?
What did the polish army immediately have to do after being attacked?
To demoralize the Polish Population
Retreat
After only one week after invading Poland, German soldiers were on the outskirts of ______?
Warsaw
Why didn’t Britain and France help Poland?
They were not militarily prepared and were not able to
Hitler launches
Norway and Denmark
Stalin’s army forced Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to agree to host military based for the soviet military. What did the soviet forces seize that strongly resisted but fell?
Finland
What is the miracle t Dunkirk?
What was this operation called?
They send every available vessel and save 3
After winter, where did everyone think Hitler would invade?
France
French hunkered down behind the ___line which was a massive fortification built by the french in the 1930’s.
Some called it the ______?
Maginot
“phony war”
Hitler launches blitzkrieg against _____ and _____? Them they move into the ____ and _____?
Norway and Denmark
Netherlands and Belgium
The Maginot line makes France vulnerable through where?
Belgium
How do Germans get into France?
The Ardennes Forest
The British in the north were forced to retreat and were trapped in between the ____ and ____?
Nazis and the British channel
What is the miracle to Dunkirk?
What was this operation called?
They send every available vessel and save 300,000 troops
Dynamo
After Dunkirk, German forces moved south toward ____?And ____attacked France from the south? France surrendered.
Paris
Italy
What did Germans force France to do after they surrendered?
Sign the surrendered document on the same railroad car that Germany signed the armistice to end WW1.
Germany established a puppet Government in ______?
Vichy, France
Hitler changed his tactics and launched operation ___, the beginning of the invasion of Britain?
Sea-lion
German bombers began a massive daily bombardment of military instillations on English southern coast, but Britain would not ______?
surrender
The London ____began on September 7th and continued for 57 straight nights and sporadically for 9 months.
Blitz
Axis armies were pushing their way into _____ adn the Balkans.
North Africa
Mussolini ordered forces from Libya into _____?
British forces fight back so Hitler sends _____, The Desert Fox, to North Africa.
Egypt
Erwin Rommel
Italian and German forces add ____ and ____ to the axis empire. Also ____ and ____ join the axis powers.
Greece and Yugoslavia
Bulgaria and Hungary
After his failure in Britain Hitler nullifies the Nazi Soviet non-aggression pact and invades ___?
What was this invasion plan called?
Soviet Union
Operation Barbarossa
As Hitler invaded, the Soviet union retreated and destroyed farm equipment and factories called ____.
Siege of Leningrad
They Nazis made great gains in the Soviet Union by Autumn, but ______ would stall the Germans because they were not prepared.
Winter
What event happened on December 7, 1941?
Pearl Harbor
FDR asked congress to declare war on what nation?
Japan
Who are the “Big Three”, and what do they represent?
Winston Churchill-Great Britain
Joseph Stalin- Soviet Union
FDR- United States
What did the Big three decide to do after Pearl Harbor occurred?
Decided on a Europe first strategy
Defeating the axis powers depended largely on the control of what?
the seas
what were the 4 fronts?
Eastern front
Atlantic Front (the seas)
North africa
The air
German had new surface ships with the largest being the _____, the pride of the German fleet.
Bismark
Who sank the Bismark?
After it was sunk, what did Germany rely on?
Britain
U-boats or submarines
Which British ship did the Bismark sing?
HMS Hood
How much time did the Bismark spend on the high seas during WWll?
Less than 7 days
At first who was winning the battle of the Atlantic?
Germany
What was the first american ship sunk?
Reuben James
How did Americans turn the tide and overcome Germany boats?
- produced ships at amazing rate
- formed convoys to protect allied shipping
- use of radar and sonar
- german code, the enigma, was broken
What was the bloodiest battle in history?
Who fought in it?
Stalingrad
Soviet Union beat Germans
Soviets surrounded German soldiers of the _____ and they were forced to surrender
Sixth Army
How many casualties were at the battle of Stalingrad?
2 million
Who fought in the battle for North Africa?
British and Italians
FDR’s plan for america to start fighting in North Africa?
Operation Torch
Who was the commander for the operation torch?
Lieutenant Dwight Eisenhower
Where did operation torch call for american forces to invade?
Morocco
Algeria
After invading North Africa, the allied nations agreed to cross the ____ sea and knock the ____ out of the war?
Where did they invade first?
Mediterranean
Italians
Island of Sicily
What happened to Bonito Mussolini on April 28, 1945?
Russians saw him, he was executed, and hung upside down
The allied invasion into Italy stalls near a ____and allies respond by landing a large force at a seafront resort called _____
Rome
Anzio
Resources were being prepared for an invasion of France. They invasion was called operation _____?
overlord
Pearl Harbor was initially a success for who?
Japan
At Pearl Harbor american forces were driven out of _______ and ______ in late 1941.
Japan captured ______ and ________ and _______.
This helps them gain much needed _______.
Wake Island Guam
Hong Kong Singapore Burma
oil reserves
After pearl harbor japan wanted ______ which general _______ commanded a small force of Americans who lost.
Philippines
MacArthur
As japan gained ground in the Philippines MacArthur ordered a retreat to _______. What happened there ?
Bataan Peninsula
Needed supplies and reinforcements but Henry Stimson just said “there are times when men have to die”
in march of 1942, FDR ordered MacArthur to leave his men on Bataan and go to ________. What did he pledge?
Australia
He shall Return
After they surrender at Bataan, the Japanese force the starving and sick soldiers to march through the forest of Bataan for ____ days and nights
5
The surviving soldiers of the march through Bataan were put into _____
prison camps
What was the march through Bataan called and how many American and Filipino soldiers died?
Bataan death march
10,000
What happened to Sargent Wally Kinder?
He was executed
What did the Americans do to get back at Japan for Pearl Harbor?
Doolittle Raid
Who led the Doolittle raids?
James Doolittle
William Halsey
In Doolittle raids what was their main target and why?
Tokyo
it was the capital
How many raiders lost their lives in the Doolittle raid?
11
What battle featured aircraft carriers?
Us admiral ______ sent how many aircraft carriers on the attack?
Battle of Coral Sea
Chester
2
Did we stop the Japanese at the battle of coral sea?
yes
Which battle did the Japanese tend to lure the Americans into a large sea battle?
Why did it not work?
Battle of Midway
the Americans cracked the Japanese codes finding out the attack was coming
Why was the battle of Midway a new kind of sea battle?
they never directly faced each other
How many destroyers did the US lose in the battle of midway?
1
yorktown
How many aircraft carriers did Japan lose at the battle of midway?
4
How many heavy cruisers did Japan lose at the battle of midway?
2
How many destroyers did Japan lose at the battle of midway?
3
What was MacArthur’s plan offensively?
The first step was from the ____ islands.
The goal was to captured the _____ islands.
island hop
Soloman
Guadalcanal
The United States win when island hopping. Now the _____ can be won over.
Philippines
First ,major attack to get to the Philippines was at _____. This was the largest naval battle ever fought. How many ships took part.
Leyte Golf
300
During the Leyte Golf, Japan introduced what attacks?
Kamikaze
Beginning in late 1944, the massive American ____ bombers began bombing Japan regularly. Soon admiral Chester Nimitz would ______
B29
Quarantine Japan
What did the allies want to capture that would provide for a better base for air raids on Tokyo? Where did they capture it?
Iwo Jima
Mount Sirubachi
What did Americans want to capture that would be the launching pad for the final invasion of Japan?
Okinawa
Where did allied troops attack from at the battle of Okinawa?
Caves and Tunnels
How long would it take to defeat Japan after Germany surrendered?
18 months
After American victories in ______ and ______ Japan was not ready to surrender
Iwo Jima
Okinawa
Who was the president in 1945?
Truman
What was Truman’s options to end the war?
Full invasion of main Japan islands
Negotiate for peace
Manhattan Project
If the Allies decided to invade…Where would they invade first?
Southernmost Island of Japan and Honshu
Why did the Manhattan project happen?
Einstein wrote a famous letter urging FDR to do so
What was the Manhattan Project?
Secret Plan to develop an atomic bomb
How much money did it take to develop the atomic bomb?
2 billion
Where was the atomic bomb successfully tested in 1945 July 16?
A remote desert in New Mexico
What did Truman form to give him recommendation on what to do with the atomic bomb?
S-1 Committee
What did the S-1 committee recommend Truman do?
drop bomb on Japanese city without warning
On August 6, 1945, weather conditions dictated the target to be what city?
Hiroshima
A B-29 bomber called the _____ dropped the bomb. What was the bombs nickname?
Enola Gay
Little Boy
On August 8, 1945, ____ declared war on____ that opened a two front war?
Soviet Union
Japan
On August 9, 1945, the US dropped a second bomb on what city?
What was the planes nickname?
What was the bombs nickname?
Nagasaki
Box Car
Fat Man
On August 14, 1945, How did Hirohito surrender?
Over radio
people heard his voice for the first time
On September 2, 1945, the Japanese signed a formal surrender that ended WWll. On the docks of US battleship _____.
Missouri
Why do people think the bomb was needed to end WWll?
- The Japanese would not surrender cause they would fight to the death.
- Cannot waist a bomb on a demonstration.
- Invasion of Japan would have killed more people than the bomb did.
Why do people believe the bomb was not needed to end the war?
- 60 Japanese cities had already been destroyed
- US did not give enough time before bombing Nagasaki.
- They think the bomb was used to justify the 2 billion dollars.
Hitler targeted almost almost anyone who was not a ___________
Pure german
Jews lost their ________ and right to _______.
Citizenship
Marry non jews
Jews were forced to wear _______ or they would be _______.
Star
Arrested
Jews were forced to live in ___________ which were overcrowded and didn’t have enough food
Ghettos
What was the largest concentration camp ?
Auschwitz
Dead bodies were burned in ____________.
Crematoriums
The holocaust is also called the ___________.
Sho’ah
In the end of the holocaust ……
How many people died?
How many of those people were jews?
12 million
6 million
What would nazis so if the town was small?
Round the jews up in fields and kill them
