WSET2 Week 2 Flashcards
A region with an average growing season temperature of 19 degrees C (66 F) is a ___ climate
warm
What temperature range is a moderate climate?
62-65 degrees F
A region with an average growing season temperature of 15 degrees C (59 F) is a ___ climate
cool
A region with an average growing season temperature of 20 degrees C (68 F) is a ___ climate
warm
A region with an average growing season temperature of 18 degrees C (64 F) is a ___ climate
moderate
What do high altitude, cool ocean currents, and clouds do to a warm climate
help moderate
How does having many stones on the surface affect the vines
warm them and reflects sunlight
How do stony soils, rivers, and slopes facing the equator help ripen grapes
add heat to vine
Vines shut down and are unable to grow or ripen grapes in this weather condition
drought
This weather condition damages a vine’s new growth, reducing the amount of grapes grown that year
Spring frost
This temperature vintage will have very high acid levels, sugar levels that too low, and a lack of signature aromas
cool vintage
This temperature vintage grapes develop dried-fruit aromas
hot vintage
(PDO or PGI) The name for a small area in the European Union, with tightly defined regulations.
PDO Protected Designation of Origin
(PDO or PGI) The name of a larger area in the European Union, usually with less strict regulations.
PGI Protected Geographical Indication
AOP is a PDO from this country
France Appellation d’Origine Protégée
AOC is a PDO from this country
France Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée
DO is a PDO from this country
Spain Denominación de Origen
DOCa is a PDO from this country
Spain Denominación de Origen Calificada
DOC is a PDO from this country
Italy Denominazione di Origine Controllata
DOCG is a PDO from this country
Italy Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita
Qualitätswein is a PDO from this country
Germany
Prädikatswein is a PDO from this country
Germany
Italy’s PGI term
IGT Indicazione Geografica Tipica
Germany’s PGI term
Landwein
France’s PGI terms
IGP Indication Géographique Protégée
VdP Vin de Pays
Spain’s PGI term
Vino de la Tierra
AOP
AOC
DO
DOCa
Qualitätswein
Prädikatswein
DOC
DOCG
Are terms describing PDOs or PGIs?
PDOs
IGP
Vino de la Tierra
IGT
Landwein
Are terms describing PDOs or PGIs?
PGIs
___ on a wine label means the wine was made from grapes that were left on the vine.
Late harvest
___ ___ on a French wine label means the wine was made from grapes from old vines.
Vielles Vignes
___ on a label means the grapes were left to freeze on the vine before they were harvested.
Icewine/Eiswein
Typical alcohol range of a dry wine after all sugar has been consumed __% to __% abv.
11.5% to 16%
Alcohol
Carbon dioxide
Heat
Signature flavors of a wine from compounds in the grape
Products of fermentation by ___
yeast
When is a typical rosé wine removed from contact with grape skins? After a short maceration and (before or after) fermentation ends?
Before fermentation ends
Technique name: Liquid from the bottom of the tank is moved via a hose up to the top of the tank where it sprays the liquid over the cap.
Pumping over
Technique name: A specialized plunger is used to push the cap into the liquid
Punching down
(Higher or lower) temperature is needed to extract more color and tannin when fermenting red wine than white wine?
Higher
Rosé wines are usually fermented at ___ temperatures as white wines.
similar
An Hungarian example of a sweet wine made from grapes with concentrated sugars.
Tokaji Aszú
An example of a sweet wine made by killing the yeast by adding alcohol before it has fermented all the sugars.
Port
An example of a sweet wine made by filtering yeasts out of the fermenting grape juice.
White Zinfandel
Extra-ripe grapes
Botrytis-affected grapes
Frozen grapes
are 3 ways to concentrate ___ in grapes
sugars
Riper, more concentrated flavors
Higher sugar levels
Lower acidity
Heavier-bodied
are 4 characteristics of grapes harvested early or late?
Late harvest
Effect of high yields on grape quality:
(concentrated or diluted) flavors
(higher or lower) levels of sugar
diluted flavors and lower levels of sugar
Main reason for choosing to store a wine for an extended period of time in oak before bottling
Develop flavors and body of the wine
The sugar left in wine after fermentation is called
residual sugar
What type of climate would result in a wine with low acidity?
Warm climate
2 techniques to ensure color and tannin extraction continues during red wine fermentation
punching down
pumping over
Higher levels of sugars in the grape determines the level of ___ in the wine
alcohol
botrytis
Vendange Tardive
Eiswein
are labelling terms that could indicate the ___ of a wine
sweetness
What season are vines typically pruned?
Winter
Temperature benefits of stones in vineyard soil
absorb and maintain heat
Grapes develop exaggerated ripe aromas during the (early or late) stages of extra-ripeness
early
During the (early or late) stages of extra-ripeness, grapes begin to turn into raisins
late
Grapes that go through extra ripening are commonly used to make ___ wines
sweet
Can wooden vessels be used for both fermentation and storage?
Yes
Three characteristics a wine must have in order to mature well in bottle
High acidity
High tannins (red wines)
High residual sugar (sweet wines)
Grapes must be ripe
Damp, misty mornings in the vineyard
Warm, dry afternoons
Are conditions for
Botrytis/ noble rot
Herbicides kill these kinds of plants
Weeds. Definitely plants. Herbicides are different from fungicides
