Grape Growing, Viticulture & Terminology supplement Flashcards
Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Grigio
Riesling
Chardonnay
Syrah
Grenache
Merlot
Cabernet Sauvigon
are commonly found varieties of this plant species (2 words)
commonly found Vitis Vinifera varieties
Skins
Seeds
Stems
parts of a grape that produce __
tannins
Pulp
Skin
Seeds
Stems
4 major parts of a grape
Sunlight
Warmth
Carbon dioxide
Water
Nutrients
5 things a vine needs to remain alive and flourish
Flowering: spring
Fruit set: early summer
Véraison: summer
Ripening time: summer/late summer
Harvest: late summer/early autumn
Dormancy: winter
Describe the __
Annual cycle of a vine
Vines flower in the Spring. Which months do they flower in the northern hemisphere?
May/June- Northern hemisphere Spring
Vines flower in the Spring. Which months do they flower in the southern hemisphere?
November/December- Southern hemisphere Spring
1) ___ ___ happens after pollination
2) Once pollinated, a flower develops seeds and starts to grow; it looks like a tiny green berry
3) These berries will develop and turn into grapes
Process describing ___ ___
fruit set
Onset of ripening which occurs mid-summer is called ___.
Véraison (grapes darken, sugars increase, acidity decreases)
Grapes ripen, darken, sugars increase, and acidity decreases in this wine season
Véraison- mid-summer
Effect of extra-ripeness, when grapes remain on vine after the time they’re usually harvested
Levels of aromas and sugars will magnify and concentrate
A characteristic of grapes most often used to make sweet wines, but not dry wines
raisinated grapes
Extra-ripeness
Botrytis
Frozen grapes
are 3 ways to ___ grape sugars
3 ways to concentrate grape sugars to make sweet wine
Fungus that grows on the outside of grapes that causes noble rot by causing water inside grape to evaporate
Botrytis
Dessert and sweet wines are usually made with grapes affected by ___
Botrytis
Sauternes (Bordeaux, France)
Aszú (Tokaj, Hungary)
Classic examples of wines affected by
Botrytis
Pronounce Sauternes
sew TURN
Pronounce Botrytis
boh TRY tis
Pronounce Aszú
ah-SUE (sneeze joke)
The water inside the grapes freezes
The grapes are then picked, pressed, and separated from the sugary liquid
This sugary liquid is fermented to make the sweet wine
Process for:
Process for Icewine/Eiswein - intensely high in acids, flavor, and sugar
Term/process describing how the vine is supported and arranged to optimize sunlight and productivity.
Training
Removal of plant parts to control size and form of the vine, optimize production potential, and achieve balance between vegetative growth (the leaves) and fruit is called
Pruning
Wooden structure to train vines
trellis
Amount of grapes produced per planted vineyard area, typically measured in hl/ha (hectoliters per hectare).
Yield
Average 40-60 hl/ha
Higher acidity
Lower sugar
Under-developed/under-ripe fruit flavors
More grassy and herbaceous flavors
Characteristics of grapes harvested early or late?
Early
Pronounce Vieilles Vignes (Old Vine)
vee-YAY veen yeh
The __ hemisphere harvests their grapes about 6 months before the other
southern
Compared to grapes harvested at the regular time, (late or early) harvest wines are fuller in body and more concentrated in sugars and flavors?
late harvest
Does grape pulp produce tannin?
No
