Writing structures Flashcards
What does G.R.A.V.E stand for
Genaralisability - how representative is the data? (do they include everybody)
- does it represent everybody int the population?
- Explain WHY this is an issue, but make sure that you are being specific.
Reliability - How consistent was the procedure?
- Did every participant experience exactly the same thing?
( internal consistency- findings IN the study the same? STANDARDISED. External consistency- are the findings similar around the world?)
- Do different countries get the same results?
- Are the same results found in more up-to- date studies?
- Explain WHY this is an issue, but make sure that you are specific.
Applicability - How useful is the study in the real world?
- does it provide evidence to support a theory?
- Could it be used to improve something?
Validity- Are the results a true measure of what it is set out to measure (internal validity?)
- does the study replicate a situation in the real world?(external validity)
- does the study a real-life task(external validity + mundane realism.) (how helpful is it?)
Ethics - Is the study moral ?
- Did the participants know what they were letting themselves in for?
- Have they got informed consent?
- Did they leave in the same state as they arrived?
- have they experienced physical/ psychological harm?
-Have they had a debrief?
- Have they had the right to withdraw?
What does the S in ‘SCOUT’ stand for?
-Supporting evidence - How does supporting evidence improve the accuracy i.e the validity of the theory?
-How does supporting evidence improve the consistency i.e the reliability of the theory?
- Can the findings from supporting evidence be generalised to large groups? is it only representative of one group i.e does it suffer from gender or culture bias? what impacts does this have?
What does the C in ‘SCOUT’ stand for?
Conflicting Evidence
- How does conflicting evidence reduce the accuracy i.e the validity of the theory.
-How does supporting evidence reduce the consistency i.e the reliability of the theory?
- Can the findings from conflicting evidence be generalised to large groups? is it only representative of one group i.e does it suffer from gender or culture bias? what impacts does this have?
What does the O in ‘SCOUT’ stand for?
Opposing explanations
- Are there other ways that the behaviour being considered can be explained? What impacts does this have?
- Are other explanations looking at the whole person ie holistic? Or are they focusing on a different simplified aspect to explain the behaviour?
What does the U in ‘SCOUT’ stand for?
Usefulness
-Does this theory explain the behaviour of both men and women or just one gender i.e is there gender bias? What impacts does this have?\
- Does this theory explain the behaviour of people from many different cultures or just one i.e is there culture bias? What impacts does this have?
- Is the theory trying to explain the behaviour or large group of people i.e nomothetic explanation? Or is the theory trying to explain the behaviour of an individual or small group of people i.e an idiographic explanation.
- Does the theory accept that all humans have free will and are responsible for their actions? How does this link to the ideas of society?
- Does the theory argue that all behaviour is determined? Does this mean that people can be held responsible for their actions? How does the impact on the judiciary system?
- Is the explanation focusing on one simplified aspect i.e being reductionist? Or is it considering multiple factors in the explanation i.e being more holistic?
What does the T in ‘SCOUT’ stand for?
Testability
- Can the ideas produced by the theory be tested scientifically?
- Are the ideas capable of being proven incorrect i.e falsified?
- What impact does this have on the scientific credibility of the theory?
