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Module 3B musculoskeletal > Wrist and hand bones > Flashcards

Wrist and hand bones Flashcards

1
Q

what part does the thumb doesnt have and what is its number

A

no metacarpals

labeled 1 metacarpals

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2
Q

where are the middle phalanges seen

A

2,3,4,5 digits

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3
Q

what is the largest joint in the body

A

forearm

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4
Q

these bones are cartilaginous at birth but start to ossify 1st to 12 year

A

bones of the hand

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5
Q

this part is beside the radial fossa

A

Radial styloid

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6
Q

Tendonds that form the anatomical snuffbox

A
  • Abductor longus muscle
  • extensor pollicis brevis
  • extensor pollicis longus
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7
Q

Radial styloid and the tendons that form the
anatomical snuffbox form some kind of friction
around the area as the thumb is moving

A

De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis

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8
Q

this is more prominent when in prone position

- insertion of strong ligaments connected to the wrists

A

Ulnar Styloid

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9
Q

this is a circular structure

  • like radial head
  • allow pronation and supination
A

Ulnar Head

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10
Q

for supination and pronation

  • if injured difficult to do movement
A

radioulnar joint

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11
Q

Dorsal and Volar radiocarpal ligaments are
supporting ligament structures that give
stability to the wrist.

A

Volar Radiocarpal Ligaments

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12
Q

Extrinsic ligaments: bridges carpal bones to radius
or metacarpals

Intrinsic ligaments:

A

Wrist Ligaments

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13
Q

wrist ligaments

A

Extrinsic ligaments:

Intrinsic ligaments:

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14
Q

originate and insert on carpal

bones

A

Intrinsic ligaments:

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15
Q

2 types of Intrinsic ligaments:

A

Scapholunate interosseous ligament

• Lunotriquetral interosseous ligament

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16
Q

2 types of Extrinsic ligaments:

A
  • Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligaments

* Volar Radiocarpal Ligaments

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17
Q

what are the stronger ligaments of the hand

A

Triangular Fibrocartilage complex TFCC

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18
Q

if the the radial styloid is fractured

A

parts of tfcc may detach and float around

decreasing wrist stability

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19
Q

where is the common side where wrist is sprained

A

Ulnar side

also more motion

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20
Q

has more affinity to bones of carpus

A

Distal radius

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21
Q

put our palms on the table

and push it on either the ulnar or radial side.

A

↑ range of motion, ↓ stability

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22
Q

what are the flexors that pas thru the pulley system

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

- flexor digitorum superficialis

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23
Q

serves as tunnels
- assists in holding finger flexor down to bone
prevents tendons from bow stringing out

A

Pulley system of the hand

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24
Q

site for most common diseases

  • on metacarpophalangeal joint
  • proximal pulley
  • tendons freely ove
A

Annular Pulley

A1

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25
Q

what is the position of the hand when in rest

A

flexion

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26
Q

this is the mechenica locking of A1 pulley

A

Trigger finger

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27
Q

area that serves as the roof of the carpal tunnel
- above the carpus
- holds the long flexor tendons
- Stretches across the front of the wrist that converts
concave anterior surface
-

A

Flexor Retinaculum

28
Q

what pass thru flexor retinaculum

A
  • median nerve
  • flexor tendon of the thumb
  • flexor tendons of fingers
29
Q

where does flexor reticulum attach

A

medially to pisiform

laterally to tubercule

30
Q

origin of flexor reticulum

A

opponens pollicis and opponens digiti

minimi (digiti minimi = small finger/5th digit)

31
Q

Muscles of the Hand

A

Thenar Eminence
Hypothenar Eminence
Interossei Muscles

32
Q 
this muscle of the hand 
- major under the thumb
muscles:
-opponens pollicis 
-flexor pollicis brevis 
- abductor pollicis brevis
A

Thenar Eminence

33
Q

flexes the carpometacarpal
and the metacarpophalangeal joints of the thumb, not
the thumb itself

A

Flexor pollicis brevis

34
Q

this muscle of the hand

  • brings out the pinky
  • palmaris brevis
  • abductor digi minimi
  • flexor digiti minimi brevis
A

HYPOTHENAR EMINENCE

35
Q

what does the palmaris brevis help with

A

grip

36
Q

this muscle of the hand

  • muscles between the metacarpals and bones
  • originate from metacarpals
  • insert to phalanges
  • Dorsal Interossei
  • Palmar interrossei
A

Interrossei muscles

37
Q

intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

dorsal interossei

palmar interossei

38
Q
  • abducts the fingers from the

middle finger

A

dorsal interossei

39
Q

flexes fingers the metacarpal phalangeal joint

• Adducts fingers together

A

Palmar Interossei

40
Q

PAD DAB

A

(Palmar -

Adduction; Dorsal - Abduction)

41
Q

wrist motions

A

● Wrist Extension
● Wrist Flexion
● Radial Deviation
● Ulnar Deviation

42
Q

what has more motion ulnar or radial

A

ulnar deviation

we tend to have our sprains on the
ulnar side of the hand because that is where all of
the motion goes

43
Q

Blood supply

A

Brachial artery

44
Q

The brachial artery exits the cubital fossa and

divides itself into two:

A
  1. Ulnar artery (Larger)

2. Radial artery (Smaller)

45
Q

main blood supplyy of the hand and deep in the flexor digitorum profundus

A

Ulnar Artery

46
Q

artery at the pinky finger

A

Common Palmar Digital Arteries

47
Q

artery at the 2 middle fingers

A

proper palmar digital arteries

48
Q

pointing finger artery

A

radial artery

49
Q

thumb artery

A

proceps polices artery

50
Q
  • helps to tighten the skin & fascia

around the palm

A

Palmaris brevis

51
Q

superficial; It is most likely to be hit when there is-
> Laceration on the hand
> Transection around the palmar space

A

Superficial Palmar Arch

52
Q

rise to proper palmar digital arteries

A

Common Palmar Digital Arteries

53
Q

Blood flow of arteries in the hand

A

Superficial palmar arch»>Common palmar digital

arteries»>Proper palmar digital arteries

54
Q

to trauma to the upper extremity

A

DISCONTINUATION OF BLOOD FLOW IN HAND

55
Q

How to determine discontinuity of blood flow in the

radial or ulnar artery.

A

Release radial artery and blood flow continues to
the fingers (visible on the nails)
• Means radial artery has patent blood flow
• Release the ulnar artery and blood flow returns
• Means both radial and ulnar arteries have patent
blood flow.

56
Q
  • rest of the blood supply that goes into

the hand

A

Axillary Artery

57
Q

the terminal branches of the brachial plexus

● Goes posteriorly around the surgical

A

AXILLARY NERVE

58
Q

Part of the lateral chord

● Passes through the coracobrachialis anteriorly

A

MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE

59
Q

Anterior to the medial epicondyle

A

MEDIAN NERVE

60
Q

function of median nerve

A

motor innervation to the following Deep Anterior
Muscles:
> Flexor Digitorum Profundus that flexes wrist and all
of the digits of the hand (MCP).
> Flexor Pollicis Longus that flexes the thumb
> Pronator Quadratus

61
Q

It passes posteriorly or under the medial epicondyle
(funny bone)
● Hitting the elbow against a hard surface results in a
tingling sensation on the small digit or on the ulnar

A

ULNAR NERVE

62
Q

is the most commonly injured when

there is mid-shaft humeral fracture

A

Radial nerve

63
Q

Innervates all of the heads of triceps brachii and
the mobile wad which are brachioradialis, ERCL,
and ERCB
> Injury at this level, wrist drop

A

High Radial Nerve

64
Q

Radial nerve that passes through supinator muscle
and starts at the level of EDC
> At the level of EDC, radial nerve is now named
posterior interosseous nerve
> Injury at this level, only digital extension

A

Low Radial Nerve

65
Q

Common Nerve Affected

Axillary

Radial

Median

A

Proximal

Midshaft

Distal

66
Q

Takes up most of the thumb and half of the palm

● The whole palmar surface of the 2nd digit and middle

A

Palmar Surface

Module 3B musculoskeletal (4 decks)

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