wounds Flashcards
What are the different types of wounds
arterial wounds, venous wounds, skin tears, pressure ulcers, diabetic neuropathic ulcers.
What are skin tears
separation of the dermis from the epidermis due to friction/shear force of the skin
Where are they most common vs secondarily common
arms and hands then LE
What are some risk factors for skin tears
visual impairments, removl of bandages or tape, wheelchair to bed transfers
What are some preventions for skin tears
protect skin from trauma, avoid cream that has alcohol in it, wear loose clothing and apply lotions twice a day.
Remove unnecessary furniture, make sure lighting is good and add padding on corners + Wheelchair arms. PROPER TF TECHNIQUES
What are pressure ulcers
Ulcer that forms when there is too much pressure on one segment of the body (normally bony area). The tissue can become hypoxic or necrotic.
What are the preventions for pressure ulcers
S - surface
S - skin inspection
K - keep pt moving
I - incontinence and moisture
N - nutrition and hydration
THERAPEUTIC SURFACES
How to manage arterial and venous wounds
Should undergo testing for arterial or venous insufficiency
To manage it, need to treat underlying arterial of venous disease.
What are some risk factors to pressure ulcers
IMMOBILITY
impaired sensation, nutrition,circulation and cognitition
What is an Unna boot
used to treat chronic venous insufficiency ulcers. use of compression and exercise and is more effective than compression alone to treat ulcers
What are risk factors to diabetic neuropathic ulcers
time since diagnosis, obesity, insuling use, smoking, callus, trauma, neuropathy, PAD, hx of prior ulcers or amputation
DEVELOP DT NEUROPATHY OR ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY.
What isa diabetic neuropathic ulcer
ulcers that form due to repetitive stress on WB structures of the foot
What is diabetic neuropathy
causes decrease temperature, pain and vibration sensations which leads to loss of protective sensation of the foot.
What 2 aspects lead to rapid progression
abnormal weight bearing and absence of sensory feedback
Name 5 aspects of adequate diabetic foot care
check feet every day
dont go barefoot
trim toenails
dont remove corns on your own
wash feet every day
How to manage diabetic ulcers
offloading to eliminate odd pressure points
Name some aspects of good footwear
access, wide toe box, support, flexible and easy to put on and remove
What are the stages of ulcers and what layer to they penetrate
stage 1- just the top layer
2 - second
3 - third
4 - bone
What is the clinical decision support tool for wounds and what does it stand for
T - viable or non-viable TISSUE
I - Infection or inflammation
M - moisture or exudate
E - edge advancement
What are some surgical interventions for wounds
skin graft or muscle flaps to close wounds that will not heal on their own.
Name some aspects of sata collection for ulcers
size (widest and longest points)
appearance (colour, moisture, granulation
What are some intrinsic factors that impact healing
immobility, impaired senssation, hydration, nurtrition, obesity, decreased circulatory function
What are some extrinsic factors that impair healing
smoking, nectrotic tissue, bad wound care, repetitive trauma
What are other treatment options to help wound healing
electrotherapy (HVPC)
hyperbaric o2
hyrddrotherapy
light energy
ultrasound
