Heart failure

Question 1

What is systolic dysfunction vs diastolic dysfunction

Answer 1

systolic cannot empty adequatelt
diastolic cannot fill adequately

Question 2

what is the presentation of CHF

Answer 2

fluid around lungs, bloated stomach and swollen and cyanotic feet.

Question 3

what is left-sided failure

Answer 3

cough, tachynea, sob, fatuge and exertional sob

Question 4

what is right sided failure

Answer 4

weight gain, dependent edema, fatigue

Question 5

what is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

Answer 5

sob at night dt fluid shifting towards the heart

Question 6

what are benefits of exercise for chf

Answer 6

decreased skeletal muscle inflammation and improves periphera blood flow

Question 7

what are some special considerations

Answer 7

30 - 40% reduction in CO and TTE.
Cardioprotective meds decrease the ability for heart rate to ramp up

Question 8

What are some CI to exercise for pt with CHF

Answer 8

worsening of condition, cannot maintain homeostasis, exercise is contraindication until medcically stable

Question 9

what is post exercise hypotension

Answer 9

reduction in BP 5 - 20 mmhg

Question 10

When to stop exercising

Answer 10

exceed 200mmhg or drops greater than 10 mmhg

Question 11

t/f low fitness level = less room for improvement

Answer 11

false

Question 12

what are the overload ranges for cardiac patients

Answer 12

40 - 70%

Question 13

FITT principle for cardiac patients

Answer 13

F - daily
I - stepwise increase (plateau before progressing)
T - 10 - 15 mins a day
T - functional and then specific

Question 14

what are the differences between UE and LE exercises for heart failure patients

Answer 14

UE causes more vasalva because you need more o2 uptake than LE

Question 15

What symptoms do you need to monitor for CAD and stop exercising

Answer 15

ANGINA

Question 16

Acute coronary syndrome: injury and infarction

Answer 16

injry - new acute MI
infarction - non reversable

brings to a risk of heart failure

Question 17

name some anginal symptoms

Answer 17

cest pain, syncope, sob, severe fatigue, nausea

Question 18

What are signs and symptoms of decreased cardiac output.

Answer 18

severe fatigue and dizziness

pallor, dizziness, confusion, sob, tachycardia

Question 19

what is considered orthostatic hypotension

Answer 19

decreased 20mmhg systolic, 10mmhg diastolic

Question 20

what is exertional hypotension

Answer 20

bp decline with increasing workload

Question 21

What is the management of orthostatic hypotension

Answer 21

isometric counterpressure manoeuvers.
induces blood pressure increase during symptoms

Question 22

what are special considerations for patients with afib

Answer 22

rhythm irregularities
need to measure manually over a full minute due to irregular heartbeat
most are on anticoagulated meds due to stroke increase so they have an increase with beleeding

Question 23

what are special considerations for diabetic patients

Answer 23

monitoring blood sugar
hypoglycemia
dont inject insulin to muscles that will be exercised
have snacks close