Arterial disease Flashcards
What is peripheral arterial disease
Coronary artery disease but in peripheral vessels
What are risk factors fro PAD
diabetes,htn,smoking, dyslipidemia
WHat are the 6 p’s for arterial disease
Pain
Polar
Pallor
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pulse
If all are present, this is a contraindication to exercise and they need immediate medical intervention
What are the signs and symptoms
resting pain in recumbent position d/t gravity
exercise pain d/t intermittent claudication
diminished or absent peripheral pulses.
What is the medical management for critical limb ischemia
thrombus completely blocking vessel and can lose limb if not treated ASAP.
Anticoagulation meducation of bypass graft/thrombolectomy
What are the contraindications to critical limb ischemia
heat, exercise and compression
What is the medical management of PAD
surgical - peripheral bypass graft, angioplasty
medical - apirin, beta-blockers, lipid lowering therapy or a combination of all
Prognosis (most to least common)
stable claudication (70-80%)
Non fatal CV event (20%)
Worsening claudication (10-20%)
Mortality (10-15%)
Critical limb iscemia (1-3%)
Management of CAI
Education on positioning, HOB slightly elevated, movement, avoid compression
Exercise
What are 5 benefits of exercise for people with peripheral artery disease
increase
onset of pain with walking
muscle function
QOL index
inflammation and hemostatic function.
decrease: morbidity and mortality rates
Why is supervised exercise good
it promotes the formation of collateral bloodflow and triggers tissue hypoxia. Need to exercise pt into pain so the body can form new blood pathways.
What are precautions for patients with PAD
high risk for CAD and stroke so you need to monitor them like a cardiac patient.
What is the msot common risk factor to all hear tissues
SMOKING
What if the FITT principle for PAD
3x weeks at an intensity that reaches moerate threshold of claudication symptoms. want to do 30 minute per session and walking
State the wound healing phases and timeframes
Inflammatory
2 - 5 days
Proliferation
day 2 - week 3
