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History > World War I > Flashcards

World War I Flashcards

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1
Q

Sir John A Macdonald

A

Canada’s first prime minister immediately after Canada became a full country

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2
Q

Colony

A

A state owned/invaded by another for the purpose of increasing wealth and power

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3
Q

Nationalism

A

Political version of patriotism, a belief dedicated to benefitting one’s own nation

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4
Q

Imperialism

A

Extending a country’s power, possibly through military means

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5
Q

Alliances

A

Agreements formed between countries for mutual aid and protection

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6
Q

Arms/Naval Race

A

A “race” between multiple countries or armies to stock themselves as much as possible

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7
Q

Dreadnought

A

British navy boat

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8
Q

U-boat

A

German navy boat

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9
Q

Triple Entente

A

Alliance between France, Britain, and Russia

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10
Q

Triple Alliance

A

Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy

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11
Q

“The Fronts”

A

Eastern Front along Russia
Western front in Western Europe

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12
Q

Franz Ferdinand

A

AustriaHungarian Archduke who was assassinated after taking a trip through recently-annexed Bosnia.

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13
Q

Gavrilo Princip

A

Member of the Black Hand, assassinated Franz Ferdinand

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14
Q

Black Hand

A

Serbian nationalist group who was angry at Austria-Hungary for annexing Bosnia

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15
Q

Blank Cheque

A

What Germany gave Austro-Hungary, meaning they would defend them no matter what

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16
Q

Ultimatum

A

What Austria-Hungary gave to Serbia, saying unless they allowed Austro-Hungarian troops to keep peace in Serbia, investigate Ferdinand’s assassination, and ban anti-Austro-Hungarian protests. Serbia did not allow this, so AH declared war.

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17
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

Germany planned to go through Belgium to attack France, but due to Britain’s secret alliance with Belgium, this failed.

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18
Q

Sam Hughes

A

Canada’s minister of militia and defense during WWI

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19
Q

Ross Rifle VS Lee-Enfields

A

Lee-Enfields were the original rifles produced in Britain. They were slowly replaced by Ross Rifles, which were produced in Canada, but these gained a reputation as unstable and were quickly reverted to the Lee-Enfields

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20
Q

Dog Fight

A

Nickname for aerial fight

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21
Q

Flying Coffins

A

The nickname given to planes in WWI due to their high mortality rate. You were considered a veteran if you survived more than 3 weeks.

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22
Q

Billy Bishop

A

British pilot who was known as the best in the whole British army

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23
Q

Red Baron

A

German fighter pilot who was the best pilot of the whole war

24
Q

Roy Brown

A

Canadian pilot who finally defeated the Red Baron

25
Q

No-man’s-land

A

The area between enemy trenches. Extremely dangerous as it’s unsheltered

26
Q

Shell Shock

A

Early name for PTSD

27
Q

Trench Foot/Trench Mouth

A

Severe infections of the foot/mouth caused by moisture and poor hygiene in the trenches

28
Q

Chlorine/Mustard Gas

A

Poison gas used in the trenches, quickly phased out after one too many troops were killed by their own gas.

29
Q

Shock Troops

A

Troops capable of withstanding any pressure and good at offense. Canada earned a reputation as such in Ypres.

30
Q

Creeping Barrage

A

A technique first used in Vimy Ridge where troops would follow behind a line of artillery blasts. It was primarily developed by Canadian troops.

31
Q

Arthur Currie

A

Leader of the First Canadian Army.

32
Q

Lord Byng

A

British officer who asked Canada to attempt Vimy Ridge after the failures of the French and British

33
Q

Flash Spotting

A

Spotting guns based on the flashes they make in the night sky

34
Q

Sound Ranging

A

Triangulating the position of the enemy based on the sound of their gunshots using a stopwatch.

35
Q

The Lusitania

A

American boat carrying passengers sunk by the Germans, responsible for bringing America into the war.

36
Q

Total War

A

Everyone in the country must do SOMETHING to contribute to the war effort

37
Q

Victory Bond

A

Citizens can give the government money in a victory bond, and if they win the war, the citizen gets interest.I

38
Q

Income tax

A

First used in WWI as a temporary mesaure

39
Q

Conscription

A

Forced military enlistment set in motion by Borden. English wanted it, French did not.

40
Q

Robert Borden

A

Canadian Prime Minister eager to pass conscription to answer British calls for it, despite having promised earlier not to.

41
Q

Wilfrid Laurier

A

Borden’s opponent, against conscription. He was heavily supported by French-speaking Canadians

42
Q

Military Service Act

A

Made conscription law

43
Q

Military Voters Act

A

Male and female members of the military could vote, making this the first time in Canada’s history women could vote.

44
Q

Wartime Elections Act

A

Anyone with a family member in the war could vote. This gerrymandering gave Borden an advantage in the election, since it meant all these women would vote for him since he supported conscription to support their husbands, fathers, and sons overseas.

45
Q

War measures act

A

The government could pass legislation without parliament and suspend people’s rights if they deemed it necessary for keeping peace and security. Anyone living in Canada with heritage in Germany, Austro-Hungary, etc. was subject to discriminatory legislature and sent to internment camps.

46
Q

Propaganda

A

Subjective information used to influence its audience and promote a view. Often a systematic effort to shift public opinion on an issue. In WWI it aggrandized the military and made enlisting seem like the upstanding, manly, patriotic choice.

47
Q

Enemy Aliens

A

People living in Canada with heritage from an enemy country, like Germany. They were forced into internment camps for no good reason and their possessions were sold.

48
Q

Tsar Nicolas II

A

The Tsar of Russia during WWI who was overthrown by the Bolsheviks and executed along with his family.

49
Q

Peasants

A

The Russian people suffering extreme wealth inequality.

50
Q

Soviet Union

A

What Russia became following the Russian Revolution

51
Q

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

A

Treaty signed between the new Bolshevik government of the Soviet Union and Germany, officially ending the war between the two. Now Germany can transfer troops from the East to the West since they aren’t needed there anymore.

52
Q

Armistice

A

Truce formed at the end of WWI marking the end of fighting but not technically the war.

53
Q

Paris Peace Conference

A

Paris meeting in 1919 to negotiate what would be imposed on Germany as consequence of their role in WWI. Canada got a seat here (independence)

54
Q

“Big Four”

A

The other big countries at the Paris Peace Conference. Britain, France, Germany, US.

55
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

THIS truly marked the end of WWI. Canada got to sign here (independence). It required Germany to cap its military, get rid of its air force, pay war reparations, and take full blame for the war (guilt clause).

56
Q

Zimmerman Telegraph

A

Telegraph between Germany and Mexico plotting german-mexican alliance and an attack on the US. Responsible, along with the Lusitania, for bringing the US into the war.

History (5 decks)

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