4 Redefining Canada

Question 1

Nuremburg Trials

Answer 1

Trials of all the top Nazis after WWII. Hitler, Goebbels, and Himmler had all died by suicide already, so Goering was the most famous still alive.

Question 2

United Nations

Answer 2

Union of many nations with the goals of protecting human rights and the environment, world peace, diplomacy, development

Question 3

John Humphrey

Answer 3

Canadian lawyer who signed the UDHR

Question 4

UDHR

Answer 4

Universal Declaration of Human Rights to all people regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, religion, class

Question 5

Cold War

Answer 5

Period of tension between Soviet-led Communist east and US-led Capitalist west. No actual fighting

Question 6

Superpower

Answer 6

County with huge military and political power

Question 7

Middle Power

Answer 7

Country with huge political power but not military

Question 8

Iron Curtain

Answer 8

Churchill’s word to describe the metaphorical barrier between the East and West

Question 9

NATO

Answer 9

North Atlantic Treaty Organization, voluntary participation between West europe and North America. Promoting peace

Question 10

Warsaw Pact

Answer 10

Soviet version of NATO, this time with compulsory participation and with the USSR taking political and military control of the country in question

Question 11

Satellite State

Answer 11

Countries taken into the Warsaw Pact, providing a buffer between the Soviet Union and the West.

Question 12

NORAD

Answer 12

North American Air Defense Agreement between the US and Canada agreeing each would have their own air force but an attack on one would be viewed as an attack on the other.

Question 13

Sputnik

Answer 13

Soviet satellite, the first manmade satellite and a big step in the Space Race

Question 14

Yuri Gargarin

Answer 14

First person launched into space. Launched by the Soviet Union

Question 15

NASA and the Apollo program

Answer 15

Apollo program was the goal to get a human on the moon before the end of the decade.

Question 16

Mutual Deterrence

Answer 16

Idea that if one country has a big bomb and the other doesn’t, then the big bomb will get used. But if BOTH have big bombs, then neither of them will get used.

Question 17

MAD

Answer 17

Mutually Assured Destruction - “I’m not gonna use my big bomb on you because I know you’ll just use your big bomb on me too”

Question 18

Fidel Castro

Answer 18

Cuban President during the Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 19

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 19

USSR installed missiles in Communist Cuba, which the US viewed as an act of war. They threatened to declare war on Cuba if the USSR didn’t withdraw them. The USSR did withdraw them and war was avoided.

Question 20

Igor Gouzenko

Answer 20

Soviet Clerk in Ottawa who confessed to Canada that Soviets had been spying on Canada, USA, and Britain.

Question 21

Proxy Wars

Answer 21

Wars between two countries that are fought through a different country, such as the Korean War

Question 21

Peacekeeping Nation

Answer 21

A country that’s dedicated to de-escalating conflict instead of escalating it. Canada earned a reputation as one in the Suez Crisis, etc.

Question 22

Domino Effect

Answer 22

The belief that one country falling to communism would lead to another, which would lead to another, and so on.

Question 23

Lester B Pearson

Answer 23

The Canadian Secretary of State for External Affairs who proposed the United Nations Emergency Force to de-escalate the Suez Crisis

Question 24

60’s Scoop

Answer 24

Canadian government’s next chapter in their Indigenous assimilation schemes, this time by “scooping” massive amounts of Indigenous children from their families and putting them up for adoption.

Question 25

Quiet Revolution

Answer 25

Period of massive but gradual political and social change in Quebec throughout the 60’s. French becoming more predominant and the official language of business more so than English. Quebec becomes more independent and secularized through legislation.

Question 26

FLQ

Answer 26

Quebec separatist group responsible for the October Crisis. Bombed buildings, kidnapped James Cross and Pierre Laporte and held them hostage.

Question 27

October Crisis

Answer 27

James Cross and Pierre Laporte kidnapped by the FLQ. The first time the government used the War Measures Act in peace time. Pierre Laporte got killed.