World Of Jesus Flashcards
“City of David”
Jersaleum,
Believe their religion was most scared because Jerusalem was within it. Didn’t like the Samaria. Very traditional (followed their faith strictly). Thought of themselves as the Elite
Judea
Jerusalem was seen as both
Political and spiritual capital
Jews living in Judea were
Orthodox and nationalist
Were low lifes. Seen as outcasts.
Samaria
Means circle. Encircled by Gentiles and Nazareth was located here
Galilee
Message of Jesus 1st was preached here
Nazareth
Common language throughout the Roman Empire was
Greek
Gospels were written in Greek but retained several _________ sayings
Aramaic
Was used in Palestine because of the Roman occupational force
Latin
Jesus spoke in Aramaic which is a ___________ language closely related to hebrew
Semitic
- Ruler ,2. Governor class (senators), 3. Retainer Class (councillors), 4. Merchant class (military & bureaucracy), 5. Peasant, 6. Artisans (people who had trade), 7. Unclean class (beggars or bandits), 8. Expendable class
Social Class
How Jesus challenged his society social structure?
Making the poor and the weak the center of his message and those to be honored. Telling the story of the Good Samaritan. Freely associating with women and accepting them as central participants in his ministry. Embracing the sick and the “unclean” and scolding the people with wealth and power to refused to share with those in need
They did not eat pig. People ate very little meat because they thought it was a luxury. The essential food was bread. Only the wealthy consumed food. Jesus declared himself as bread
Food
Unity of friendship. Were scared acts. You only had meals with people in your social class
Meals
A way to get around. Meant pure. Was a big thing and extremely scare. It was moms task to collect this
Water
Were respected. You had to be patience, courageous, and good spirited
Fishermen
Were seen as property. Had very little to say. They would stand during meals. Jesus treated them as equals
Women
Girls were less important then boys. When girls got their period they were married
Children
Was the core of the society
Family
Were seen as low lives. People didn’t communicate with them
Sinners and tax collectors
People thought they were sick because they did something wrong. If born with the disease then it was their parents sin
Sick people
Believed the same as Zealots as far as following Jesus law. They were concerned with the reform of Israel (thought God abandon them to Rome because of their unfaithfulness to the law and traditions). Well educated, religious leaders, separated themselves from everyone who was not faithful to the law and traditions
Pharisees
“Separate ones”, “holy ones”. Saw mortality as reward and punishment. Believed in life after death, in the resurrection of the dead and in a future messiah whom God would send to liberate them from Romans
Pharisees
Were conservatives. They clung to the most ancient Hebrew traditions and rejected all novelties of belief and ritual. This meant that they didn’t believe in life after death, since it was not mentioned in the Torah. Collaborated with the Romans.
Sadducees
Were the interpreters and the teachers of the law, mostly Pharisees some were Sadducees. Men of learning (sometimes referred to as rabbis) they were theologians, lawyers, and teachers but they were not priest
Scribes
Strived for perfection. Most separate themselves from society completely and went to live celibate and abstinent life in camps in the desert. Observed daily and meticulous rites of purification originally prescribed for priest who were about to sacrifice in the temple
Essenes
Essenes followed who’s laws strictly
Moses to prepare for the coming of God
Reject anyone who did not belong to their sect. Outsiders were hated as “sons of darkness” they called themselves “sons of light”. They were just as warlike as Zealots but for them the time was not yet right
Essenes
Was most likely influenced by this group. But was very different from any of these groups. A prophet. While others talked about Israel triumph over enemies, he warned of its doom. Expected each individual in Israel to repent and experience a personal change of heart
John the Baptist
Believed in one God (monotheism), God created everything, God chose people to carry image and blessing through history. God made a covenant with Israelites
Judaism Believ
Jesus practice of his Jewish faith revolved around
The synagogue, temple, religious feasts, and prayer
Comes from the Greek word meaning “assembly”. Served as a houe of prayer where scriptures were read and Yahweh was worshipped, a place of discussion for legal settlements, and local school
Synagogue
Was only in Jerusalem. This is where the Jews offered sacrifices to God. A holy place where Jews believed God dwelled in a special way
Temple
Most important feast because it celebrates the chosen people’s liberation from Egypt
Passover
Held fifty days after Passover. Celebrated god’s giving of the law to moses, the Sinai covenant
Pentecost
Fall harvest celebration-recall the tee time that Jews spent in the wilderness
Tabernacle
In 721 b.c. The _________ conquered the kingdom of Israel and exiled people
Assyrians
Lasted longer because they were more loyal to the covenant
Judah
In 587 b.c. The ___________ captured Jerusalem (Judah), destroyed the temple and deported many of the people to Babylon
Babylonians
Many people that were not captured left the country for places along the Mediterranean Sea
Diaspora
Dispersion
Diaspora
Caused the Jewish religion to strengthen and significant portions of the Old Testament were complied
Babylonian exile
In 538 b.c. The ________, under the leadership of Cyrus the great conquered the Babylonians
Persians.
Permitted Jews in Babylon to return to Judah
Cyrus the great
The Jews were no longer United under a king but by a
High priest
Responsible for offering sacrifices in the temple
Priests
Responsible for teaching the laws of moses
Scribes
Two main classes of leaders developed:
Priests and Scribes
Conquered the Persian empire. Because of his earth the empire was split apart and the Jews were ruled by his successors
Alexander the Great
A priest and his five sons started a revolt to free the Israelites from the successors to Alexander the Great
Maccabees
Politically united under roman rule. Culturally United through the Hellenistic influence (relating to greek history, culture, or art after Alexander the Great)
Greco-Roman
Allowed for improved trade and after travel
Pax roman
First Emperor of the Roman Empire
Caesar Augustus
Second Emperor of the Roman Empire
Tiberius
Appointed by Rome to rule Palestine. Jews distracted and hated Herod. He was not a pure Jew and was a ruthless leader. Had anything to do with Jesus being little. When he died his territory was divided by the 3 sons
Herod the Great
Stadium for horse and chariot races
Hippodromes
Ruled Judea, Samaria, Idumea. When he was removed Rome sent procurators. Took over his father
Herod Archelaus
Ruled Galilee (Jesus grew up) & Perea. Most mentioned in New Testament. Executed John the Baptist and was involved in Jesus trail. Stole Philips wife
Herod Antipas
Ruled batanaea. Not much is known about him, he was the most fair and humane leader. Territory he was ruling or the situation where his brother stole his wife
Herod Philip
