World History Term 2 Midterm Exam Flashcards
The revolutionary leader who was a master of
guerrilla warfare:
Giuseppe Garibaldi
The movement to end slavery:
Abolitionism
South American military leader who led the fight
for freedom from Spain:
Simón Bolívar
Prime minister who tried to unite Germany:
Otto von Bismarck
Led the liberal party in Britain:
William Gladstone
Political ideas in the mid-1800s that helped shape Europe were nationalism and political ________
Reform
In the United States, nationalism led to westward ________
Expansion
By 1830, Irish protests against British rule won them the right to vote and sit in Britain’s Parliament, but not the right to ________
Self-Rule
After a period of revolts across Europe in 1848, Louis ____________________ was
elected president and then later emperor of France.
Napoleon
Czar Alexander II of Russia had factories built, improved farming, and freed the ____________________.
Serfs (basically agricultural slaves/labourers)
Designed a steam engine to power machines:
James Watt
Economic system based on the use of machinery
for production of goods:
Industrialism
Discovered a way to use coal to turn iron ore into
pure iron:
Henry Cort
Money invested in a business:
Capital
Invented the spinning jenny:
James Hargreaves
The Industrial Revolution began officially in:
Great Britian
One important cause of the Industrial Revolution was a movement that allowed landowners to fence off their land, called:
Enclosure Laws
Which two natural resources did Great Britain have in large supply that helped fuel the rise of industry there?:
Coal and Iron
What carried raw materials, finished goods, and people faster and cheaper than any other early invention?:
Steam-Powered Locomotive
Entrepreneurs took on financial risks and created industries by:
bringing together capital, labor, and new industrial inventions.
Observed that plants and animals change over
time in order to adapt and survive:
Charles Darwin
The belief that all people have basic rights of
equality and freedom of speech:
Liberalism
The belief that competition among social classes
harms society:
Socialism
Physicist who discovered that space and time are
relative:
Albert Einstein
Showed that killing harmful germs could prevent
many diseases
Louis Patseur
The rapid growth of cities during the Industrial Revolution was called:
Urbanization
The Industrial Revolution greatly changed the lives of women and created more
opportunities for leisure and improving themselves through:
Education
__________ and Friedrich Engels wrote The Communist Manifesto:
Karl Marx
The mid-1800s artistic movement known as ____________________ showed life by focusing on ordinary people and settings.
Realism
_______________ discovered the radioactive element radium.
Marie Curie
