Chemistry Midterm 1 Flashcards
Reviewing Vocabulary
The ability to do work or produce heat.
Energy
States that energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Law of conservation of energy
Energy flowing from a warmer to a cooler object.
Heat
The study of heat changes from chemical reactions and phase changes.
Thermochemistry
Energy stored in a substance because of its composition.
Chemical potential energy
Heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius.
Specific Heat
An insulated device measuring the heat absorbed or released during a chemical or physical process.
Calorimeter
The system plus the surroundings.
Universe
States that spontaneous processes always proceed in such a way that the entropy of the universe increases.
Second law of thermodynamics
Everything in the universe other than the system.
Surroundings
The change in enthalpy in a chemical reaction.
Enthalpy (heat) of reaction
A balanced chemical equation that includes the physical states of all reactants and products and the energy change that accompanies the reaction.
Thermochemical Equation
A system’s heat content at constant pressure.
Enthalpy
Energy required to vaporize one mole of a liquid.
Molar enthalpy (heat) of vaporization
Enthalpy change occurring when one mole of a compound in its standard state forms from its constituent elements in their standard stats.
Standard enthalpy (heat) of formation
