History Term 1 Exam Flashcards
a sun-centered theory
heliocentric
new way of thinking that changed how europeans understood science and searched for knowledge
Scientific Revolution
belief that reason and experience must be present for the solution of problems
Rationalism
the steps for an orderly search for knowledge
scientific method
a substance that is made up of atoms of only one kind
Element
Which early scientist theorized that the planets moved in elliptical orbits, or oval-like paths, around the sun?
Johannes Kepler
“I think, therefore i am” was written by
Rene Descartes
Ptolemy’s geocentric, or Earth-centered, theory
was accepted in europe for over 1400 years.
As europeans began their voyages of exploration in the 1400s,
better charts and maps were created.
Who was the english thinker who developed the scientific method?
Francis Bacon
applied to everyone and could be understood by reason
natural law
a religious belief based on reason
deism
the overthrow of king charles II in england
glorious revolution
an agreement between rulers and the people
social contract
government in which monarchs hold total power over the people
absolutism
during the enlightenment, thomas hobbes and john locke based their ideas about government on
natural law
Separation of power means that governmental power is divided among different groups such as:
executive judicial and?
Legislative branches
One english writer who was a strong supporter of women’s rights was
Mary Wollstonecraft
France’s sun king, or king louis XIV, was a(n)
absolute monarch
was one of russia’s most powerful czars
PETER THE GREAT
Document stating that the colonies were seperating from britian
Declaration of Independence
Religious group that had been persecuted in england; established Pennsylvania
Quakers
Clash between British troops and colonists
Boston Massacre
Stated the colonists had to sell their products to Britian even if they could get higher prices elsewhere
Navigation Acts
Agreement the pilgrims signed stating that they would choose their own leaders
Mayflower Compact
By the early 1700s, how many colonies did England have along the Atlantic Coast?
13
In 1707 who united with England to form Britain
Scotland
Why did Britain tax the colonists and tighten trade rules?
They were deep in debt because of a war they had won against france
How did the colonists protest against the Stamp Act?
They boycotted
British goods taxed by the Stamp Act.
The final victory for the colonists in the war for independence against Britain was the
battle of yorktown
formed the National Assembly to write a constitution for France
The Third Estate
The middle class
BOURGEOISIE
general who crowned himself emperor of france
Napoleon Bonaparte
lawyer who tried to create a “Republic of Virtue” but instead established the Reign of Terror
Maximilien Robespierre
site where Britain’s Duke of Wellington defeated the French
Waterloo (we can’t do anything.)
In the 1700s, the frustrations of poor French people were a cause of
The french revolution
This king was overthrown during the French Revolution
Louis XVI
This radical group attending the national assembly wanted the most far-reaching political changes for France.
Jacobins
What was the goal of congress of Vienna?
returning Europe to a state of peace and stability after a long period of war
Which two combined forces helped bring an end to Napoleon’s empire
both the British and Russian military and the rise of nationalism
