Worksheet 6 - Vessels and nerves of the pelvis and the pelvic floor

Question 1

At what vertebral level does the abdominal aorta birfurcate?

Answer 1

L4

Question 2

when the external iliac passes deep to the inguinal ligament, what artery does it become?

Answer 2

femoral artery

Question 3

which artery ascends up the anterior abdominal wall?

Answer 3

inferior epigastric

Question 4

what does the inferior epigastric artery anastomose with?

Answer 4

superior epigastric

Question 5

what does the smaller posterior trunk of the internal iliac artery supply?

Answer 5

body wall + gluteal

Question 6

what does the larger anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery supply?

Answer 6

pelvic viscera, perineum, gluteal, thigh

Question 7

in females, what is the equivalent of the inferior vesical artery?

Answer 7

vaginal artery

Question 8

what obliterated artery does the superior vesical artery give off?

Answer 8

umbilical artery

Question 9

what forms the lateral umbilical fold?

Answer 9

the inferior epigastric artery in the abdominal wall

Question 10

where does the median umbilical fold run to and from?

Answer 10

pelvis to the umbilicus

Question 11

which artery supplies male bladdeR?

Answer 11

inferior vesical artery

Question 12

which 2 branches of the internal iliac artery pass out of the pelvis

Answer 12

inferior gluteal

internal pudendal

Question 13

what does the internal pudendal supply?

Answer 13

perineum

Question 14

what does the inferior gluteal artery supply?

Answer 14

gluteal muscles

Question 15

through which part does the internal pudendal artery leave the pelvis?

Answer 15

greater sciatic foramen

Question 16

why is the pudendal artery called the internal pudendal artery?

Answer 16

travels through the pudendal canal

Question 17

which branch of the internal pudendal artery supplies erectile tissue of penis?

Answer 17

artery of bulb of penis

Question 18

which branch of the internal pudendal artery supplies erectile tissue of vestibule/clitoris?

Answer 18

artery of clitoris vestibule

Question 19

what do most pelvic viscera drain into?

Answer 19

internal iliac veins

Question 20

where does the right gonadal vein drain into

Answer 20

IVC

Question 21

where does the left gonadal vein drain into

Answer 21

left renal vein

Question 22

where does most of the lymph from pelvic viscera drain into?

Answer 22

internal iliac lymph nodes

Question 23

where does lymph from the internal iliac nodes drain into?

Answer 23

lumbar trunk - then into thoracic duct

Question 24

which nodes do the gonads drain into?

Answer 24

para-aortic nodes

Question 25

which 3 types of nerves innervate the pelvis?

Answer 25

1. sacral spinal
2. coccygeal spinal
3. autonomic nerves of pelvis (sympathetic + parasympathetic)

Question 26

what nerves form the sacral plexus

Answer 26

S1-S4 + L4-L5

Question 27

what are the main 2 branches of the sacral plexus?

Answer 27

sciatic nerve

pudendal nerve

Question 28

the sciatic + pudendal leave the pelvis in the same place as the internal pudendal artery. what is this?

Answer 28

greater sciatic foramen

Question 29

which fibres does the pudendal nerve contain?

Answer 29

S2-S4

Question 30

which muscle also leaves through the greater sciatic foramen with the nerves?

Answer 30

piriformis

Question 31

what is the parasympathetic outflow of nerves from the sacral plexus?

Answer 31

pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 32

what do the pelvic splanchnic nerves supply?

Answer 32

pelvic floor + genital erection

Question 33

what sacral spinal segments make up the pelvic splanchnic nerves?

Answer 33

S2-S4

Question 34

which nerves are located in the fascia around the rectum?

Answer 34

inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 35

what 2 nerves are the sympathetic supply to pelvic viscera?

Answer 35

thoracic + lumbar splanchnic nerves

Question 36

which spinal segments make up the obturator nerve?

Answer 36

L2-L4

Question 37

what does the obturator nerve supply?

Answer 37

medial thigh

Question 38

where do the obturator nerves leave the pelvis?

Answer 38

through an opening in the obturator internus muscle - obturator canal

Question 39

ligament which the pudendal nerve is posterior to

Answer 39

sacrospinous ligament

Question 40

which nerve is involved in the contraction of the detrusor muscle?

Answer 40

parasympathetic pelvic nerve S2-S4

Question 41

which nerve controls the external urethral sphincter?

Answer 41

somatic pundendal nerve S2-S4

Question 42

where does obturator internus originate from?

Answer 42

deep surface of obturator membrane + bone surrounding obturator foramen

Question 43

how does the tendon of obturatory internus pass out of the pelvic cavity?

Answer 43

lesser sciatic foramen

Question 44

what is the difference between the obturator foramen and the obturator canal?

Answer 44

the obturator canal is an opening in the obturator foramen

Question 45

what muscle separates the pelvic cavity (above) form the perineum?

Answer 45

pelvic floor/diaphragm

Question 46

which 2 muscles make up the pelvic floor?

Answer 46

anteriorly = levator ani 
posteriorly = coccygeous

Question 47

which structures on the LATERAL wall are the levator ani muscles attached to?

Answer 47

thickened fascia of obturator internus

Question 48

what is the perineal body?

Answer 48

fibromuscular mass in the middle of perineum

Question 49

what is the function of the perineal body?

Answer 49

point of attachment for the muscles of the pelvic floor

Question 50

1 muscle of levator ani which forms a sling around the rectum

Answer 50

puborectalis

Question 51

why is the arrangement of puborectalis important?

Answer 51

it maintains faecal continence

Question 52

vessels arising from the uterus?

Answer 52

uterine artery

Question 53

name of triangle in the anterior abdominal wall

Answer 53

Hasselbachs triangle

Question 54

what is Hasselbach’s triangle made from?

Answer 54

inguinal ligament + epigastric artery