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N&E Anatomy > Worksheet 1 - Anterior abdominal wall and inguinal region > Flashcards

Worksheet 1 - Anterior abdominal wall and inguinal region Flashcards

1
Q

3 layers of muscle in the ant ab wall?

A

external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominus

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2
Q

what are the 3 ant ab wall muscles augmented by?

A

rectus abdominis

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3
Q

what is an aponeuroses ?

A

a sheet like tendon which joins one muscle to another muscle or bone

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4
Q

which aponeuroses joins the ant ab wall muscles?

A

rectus sheath

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5
Q

where does the inguinal ligament run from?

A

ASIS to pubic tubercle

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6
Q

what forms the lower border of the layers of the muscle?

A

inguinal canal

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7
Q

3 functions of ant ab wall muscles?

A
  1. contain + protect viscera
  2. compress abdomen during forced exhalation
  3. produce force required for defaecation, urination, child birth
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8
Q

nerve supply to muscles of ant ab wall ?

A

spinal nerves; T7-T12
iliohypogastric
ilioinguinal

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9
Q

which dermatome at xiphoid process?

A

T7

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10
Q

which dermatome at umbilical region?

A

T10

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11
Q

which dermatome at pubic tubercle?

A

L1

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12
Q

what is Scarpa’s fascia?

A

membranous layer of superficial fascia on ant ab wall

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13
Q

what is Scarpa’s fascia continous with - inferiorly?

A

Colles’ fascia

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14
Q

what is colles’ fascia?

A

membranous layer of superficial fascia on perineum

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15
Q

what does the attachments of Colles’ fascia form the boundaries of?

A

perineal pouch

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16
Q

which way do the external oblique fibres run?

A

fowards and downwards - hands in front pockets

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17
Q

what is the free inferior border of external oblique aponeurosis thickened to form?

A

inguinal ligament

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18
Q

what is superior to the public tubercle?

A

superficial inguinal ring

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19
Q

what passes through the superficial inguinal ring/

A 
females = round ligament
males = spermatic cord
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20
Q

which component of the spermatic cord is formed from the aponeurosis?

A

external fascia of spermatic cord + testes

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21
Q

orgin of external oblique

A

anterolateral border of lower 8 ribs

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22
Q

2 insertion points of external oblique?

A
  • iliac crest

- pubic crest

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23
Q

which direction do internal oblique run?

A

backwards + downwards

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24
Q

internal oblique is comparable to which muscle of thoracic wall?

A

internal intercostal

25
Q

how do the fibres of internal obliqye relate to inguinal ligament

A

the origin of the internal oblique consists of CT - this is deep to the lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament

26
Q

how do fibres of transverse abdominis relate to inguinal ligament?

A

their origin is the CT which is deep to the lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament

27
Q

function of conjoint tendon?

A

protects weak area in abdominal wall

28
Q

where is the conjoint tendon?

A

lower part of internal oblique and transverse abdominis

29
Q

what is the transversalis facia?

A

lining of anterolateral abdominal wall

30
Q

where is the transversalis fascia?

A

between transverse abdominalis and peritoneum

31
Q

2 origin of rectus abdominis

A

pubic symphysis

pubic crest

32
Q

2 insertion of rectus abdominis?

A

Xiphoid process

5-7th costal cartilages

33
Q

what is the linea alba?

A

tough fibrous band which extends from xiphoid process to pubic symphysis

34
Q

what is the linea semilunaris?

A

curved tendinous intersection at either side of rectus abdominis muscle

35
Q

what is the arcuate line

A

demarcation of posterior layer of rectus sheath

36
Q

which 2 vessels run in the rectus sheath, deep to the rectus abdominis muscle?

A

superior epigastrid

inferior epigastric

37
Q

what is prune belly syndrome?

A

partial or complete absence of stomach

38
Q

which nerve enters the inguinal canal through?

A

genitofemoral nerve

39
Q

what 4 things does the genitofemoral nerve supply?

A
  1. cremaster muscle
  2. skin over anterolateral thigh
  3. male = scrotum
  4. female = labia majora
40
Q

how does the ilio-inguinal nerve enter the inguinal canal?

A

travels outside spermatic cord - next to it

41
Q

what 4 things does the ilio-inguinal nerve supply?

A
  1. skin over anterolateral thigh
  2. male = scrotum + root of penis
  3. females = labia majora + mons pubis
  4. muscles of ant ab wall
42
Q

what is the deep inguinal ring a defect of?

A

transversalis fascia

43
Q

what occurs in terms of the testes with the inguinal cana?

A

the descent of the testes is through the inguinal canal

44
Q

during development, which wall does the testis push its way through?

A

ant ab wall

45
Q

3 coverings of testis + ductus deferens? superficial to deep

A

external spermatic fascia
cremasteric muscle
internal spermatic fascia

46
Q

origination of cremasteric muscle

A

internal oblique

47
Q

origination of internal spermatic fasica

A

transverse abdominis

48
Q

origination of external spermatic fascia

A

external oblique

49
Q

what is the tunica vaginalis derived from

A

peritoneum

50
Q

what is the cremasteric reflex?

A

light poke on the medial thigh causes the contraction of cremasteric muscle - causes testis to move up

51
Q

7 structures runnning in the spermatic cord

A
  1. vas deferens
  2. processus vaginalis
  3. genitofemoral nerve
  4. autonomic nerves
  5. pampiniform plexus
  6. testicular vein
  7. lymph vessels
52
Q

medial border of deep inguinal ring

A

inf. epigastric vessels

53
Q

lateral border of deep inguinal ring

A

transversalis fascia

54
Q

boundaries of superficial inguinal ring

A

medial - cruca of pubic crest
lateral - cruca of pubic tubercle
inferior = inguinal ligament

55
Q

anterior boundary of inguinal canal

A

aponeuoris of external oblique

56
Q

posteruir boundary of inguinal canal

A

transveralis fascia

57
Q

roof boundary of inguinal canal

A

lateral - trans fascia
central - trans fascia + internal oblique
medial - medial crus

58
Q

floor boundary of inguinal canal

A

lateral - iliopubic tract
central - infolded inguinal ligament
medial - lacunar ligament

59
Q

what 2 muscles form the conjoint tendon?

A

Internal oblique + transversus abdominuis

N&E Anatomy (8 decks)

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