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N&E Anatomy > Worksheet 2 - The abdominal cavity and the peritoneal reflections > Flashcards

Worksheet 2 - The abdominal cavity and the peritoneal reflections Flashcards

1
Q

what does the parietal peritoneum line?

A

wall of abdominal cavity

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2
Q

what does the visceral peritoneum cover?

A

organs

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3
Q

name of cavity between parietal and visceral peritoneum

A

peritoneal cavity

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4
Q

somatic nerve supply to parietal peritoneum? 3

A

T7-11; thoracoabdominal nerve
T12; subcostal nerve
L1 - iliohypogastric + ilioinguinal nerve

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5
Q

explain the relation of the visceral peritoneum to the duodenum?

A

it passes in front of the duodenum

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6
Q

explain the visceral peritoneum of the small intestine

A

forms a mesentery

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7
Q

what pain is the parietal peritoneum sensitive to?

A

pressure, pain, heat

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8
Q

what type of stimulus is the visceral peritoneum sensitive to?

A

stretch + chemical irritation

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9
Q

is the peritoneal cavity the same as the abdominal cavity?

A

NO

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10
Q

what is contained within the peritoneal cavity

A

peritoneal fluid

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11
Q

2 parts of the peritoneal cavity

A

lesser sac

greater sac

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12
Q

other name for lesser sac

A

omental bursa

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13
Q

which sac lies posterior to the stomach

A

lesser sac

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14
Q

are the greater and lesser sacs continuous with each other

A

yes

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15
Q

foramen between lesser and greater sac (2 names)

A

epipoloic/omental

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16
Q

what is ascites?

A

excess volume of peritoneal fluid in peritoneal cavity

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17
Q

Intraperitoneal organs

A

J-STAS GILS

jejunum
sigmoid colon 
transverse colon 
appendix 
spleen 
gall bladder 
ileum 
liver 
stomach
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18
Q

retroperitoneal organs

A

PAKI CARDD

pancreas 
ascending colon 
kidney 
IVC
caecum 
abdominal aorta 
rectum 
duodenum 
descending colon
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19
Q

what is the greater omentum

A

double layer of peritonenum

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20
Q

what organ is attached to the posterior surface of the greater omentum

A

transverse colon

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21
Q

where does the greater omentum hang down from?

A

greater curvature of stomach

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22
Q

name of part of the greater omentum which passes between the greater curvature and the transverse colon

A

gastrocolic ligament

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23
Q

how many layers of peritoneum - gastrocolic ligament

A

2

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24
Q

how many layers of peritoneum - inferior to transverse colon

A

4

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25
Q

what does the transverse mesocolon connect?

A

transverse colon + PAW

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26
Q

what separates the peritoneal cavity into 2 compartments?

A

transverse mesocolon

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27
Q

2 compartments of the peritoneal cavity

A

supracolic + infracolic

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28
Q

part of the greater omentum which runs to the spleen - which side does this run to

A

gastrosplenic ligament - leftt

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29
Q

when the gastrosplenic ligament runs towards the kidney, what is it called?

A

lienorenal ligament

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30
Q

which artery runs in the lienorenal ligament?

A

splenic

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31
Q

parts of lesser omentum

A

gastrohepatic ligament

hepatoduodenal ligament

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32
Q

parts of greater omentum

A

gastrocolic ligament
gastrosplenic
gastrophrenic

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33
Q

what does the transverse mesocolon separate? and what into?

A

separates greater sac
into
supracolic + infracolic

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34
Q

3 organs in supracolic

A

stomach
spleen
liver

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35
Q

space between the liver and diaphragm

A

sub-phrenic space

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36
Q

what separates the sub-phrenic space into l+R

A

falciform ligament

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37
Q

what is the bare area?

A

area of liver with no peritoneum

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38
Q

where is the bare area?

A

posterior diaphragmatic surface

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39
Q

what is the ligamentum terres a remnant of?

A

umbilical vein

40
Q

what channel runs under the liver?

A

sub-hepatic channel

41
Q

inferior limit of sub-hepatic channel

A

transverse mesocolon

42
Q

another name for pouch of Rutherford Morrison?

A

hepato-renal pouch

43
Q

where would you find the hepato-renal pouch?

A

right side - PAW + kidney, inferior to the kidney

44
Q

which gutter is the continous with the pouch of Rutherford Morrison?

A

right paracolic gutter

45
Q

surgical importance of hepato-renal pouch

A

when supine, it is the deepest part of the supracolic compartment - fluid drains here - abcesses may form

46
Q

where is the sub-hepatic space?

A

inferior to liver

47
Q

what organs lie in the infracolic compartment?

A

ascending + descending colon

small intestine

48
Q

what 2 things project forward in the medial infracolic compartment?

A

lumbar vertebrae

psoas muscle

49
Q

what is on either side of the median watershed

A

iliolumbar fossae

50
Q

where is the caecum located?

A

right iliac fossa

51
Q

from the ceacum, where does the ascending colon run up to?

A

hepatic flexure

52
Q

what 2 flexures does the transverse colon run through

A

hepatic + splenic flexure

53
Q

what is the mesentery of the transverse colon

A

transverse mesocolon

54
Q

why is the splenic flexture higher than the hepatic flexure

A

the hepatic flexure pushes down on the colon

55
Q

what is the phrenicocolic ligament

A

the fold in peritoneum from the splenic flexure to the diaphragm

56
Q

is there a phrenococolic ligament on the right?

A

NO

57
Q

which is the larger gutter?

A

right paracolic gutter

58
Q

what partially blocks the left paracolic gutter?

A

phrenococolic ligament

59
Q

which 2 places communicate via the right paracolic gutter?

A

sub-hepatic channel + hepato-renal recess

60
Q

why are the communications within the R paracolic gutter clincally significant?

A

gutters can spread pathological fluid - causing accumulation

61
Q

do all parts of the small intestine have a mesentery? state which

A

no - not duodenum

62
Q

what is the root of the mesentery

A

origin of mesentery of smal intestine

63
Q

how does the root of mesentery divide the infracolic compartment?

A

obliquely - into right and left

64
Q

which side of the infracolic compartment communicates with the pelvis

A

left

65
Q

where does the sigmoid mesocolon attach to the pelvic wall?

A

over the division of the L common iliac artery

66
Q

rectovesical pouch

A

male - between rectum + bladder

67
Q

another name for Pouch of Douglas

A

Rectouterine pouch

68
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

female - pouch between rectum + uterus

69
Q

uterovesical pouch

A

female - uterus + bladder

70
Q

where does the lesser omentum lie

A

between lesser curvature of the stomach + medial part of the duodenum

71
Q

what allows the greater + lesser sacs to be continous with each other

A

epiploic/omental foramen

72
Q

what is posterior of the stomch

A

lesser sac

73
Q

3 structures enclosed with free border of lesser omentum

A

portal triad

  • hepatic portal vein
  • hepatic artery
  • common bile duct
74
Q

embryological origin of the lesser omentum

A

ventral mesentery

75
Q

anterior margin of epipolic foramen

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

76
Q

posterior margin of epipolic foramen

A

peritoneum covering IVC

77
Q

superior margin of epipolic foramen

A

caudate lobe of liver

78
Q

inferior margin of epipolic foramen

A

1st part of duodenum

79
Q

what is an adhesion

A

fibrous bands form between tissue + organs - result of surgery

80
Q

what is normal sensation?

A

associated with motility, distension

81
Q

what is abnormal sensation

A

pain

82
Q

which 2 TYPES of fibres transmit normal sensory info

A
  1. visceral sensory fibres

2. parasympathetic motor fibres

83
Q

parasympathetic supply to the fore- + mid-gut

A

vagus nerve (CNX)

84
Q

parasympathetic supply to the hindgut

A

splenosplanchnic nerves S2-S4

85
Q

parasympathetic supply to the bladder

A

pelvic nerve S2-S4

86
Q

which 2 TYPES of fibres transmit abnormal sensory info

A
  1. visceral sensory fibres

2. sympathetic motor fibres

87
Q

sympathetic motor supply to the abdominal + pelvic viscera (5)

A
  1. greater splanchnic nerve T5-9
  2. lesser splanchinic nerve T9-10
  3. Lower splanchnic nerve T12
  4. lumbar splanchnic nerce L1-3
  5. Sacral splanchnic nerves
88
Q

where are painful sensations to the viscera felt? and why?

A

away from the median plane - never the actual location as it is innervated by the motor nerves

89
Q

why is pain in the parietal peritoneum localised?

A

as this membrane is innervated by somatic sensory nerves

90
Q

which 4 somatic nerves supply the parietal peritoneum?

A
  1. thoracoabdominal nerve (T7-11)
  2. subcostal nerve (T12)
  3. L1 - iliohypogastric
  4. L1 - ilioinguinal
91
Q

What would prevent you from running your hand on top of the liver

A

Coronary ligament

92
Q

where does the greater omentum orginate from?

A

dorsal mesentery

93
Q

what is the falciform ligament an embryological remnant of?

A

ventral mesentery

94
Q

2 ligaments which hold the spleen in the abdomen

A

gastrosplenic

iliorenal ligament

95
Q

which ligament prevents the spleen from moving superior when inflamed>

A

phrenico-colic ligament

96
Q

where is the phrenico-colic ligament

A

between the splenic flexure + diaphragm

N&E Anatomy (8 decks)

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