Working with waves Flashcards

1
Q

What are progressive waves?

A

Waves that transfer energy from one. place to another without transferring matter

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2
Q

What are the key characteristics of progressive waves?

A

Amplitude
Wavelength
Frequency
Speed

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3
Q

What are longitudinal waves?

A

where the particles oscillate parallel to the direction of the wave travel (and energy transfer)
Sound waves

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4
Q

What are transverse waves?

A

where the particles oscillate perpendicular to the direction of the wave travel (and energy transfer)
Light waves

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5
Q

What is the wave equation?

A

Speed= frequency x wavelength

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6
Q

What is wave speed?

A

The speed at which a wave propagates through a medium

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7
Q

What is phase difference?

A

The difference in phase between two points on a wave measured in degrees or radians

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8
Q

What is the difference between In-phase and out-of-phase

A

Points in-phase are multiples of 360 degrees
Out-of-phase points differ by 180 degrees

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9
Q

What is the key difference between Longitudinal and transverse waves?

A

Particle movement direction
Longitudinal waves require a medium
Transverse waves can travel in a vacuum

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10
Q

What are stationary waves?

A

Waves that appear to stand still
Formed by two waves of the same frequency travelling in opposite directions

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11
Q

What are Nodes?

A

Nodes are points of no displacement

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12
Q

What are antinodes?

A

Points of maximum displacement

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13
Q

What is the fundamental frequency?

A

The lowest frequency at which a stationary wave can form

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14
Q

What are harmonics?

A

Higher frequencies at integer multiples of the fundamental frequency

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15
Q

What are applications?

A

Used in musical instruments
Resonance phenomena

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16
Q

What is the resonance of application of stationary waves?

A

Enhances amplitude at specific frequencies in systems
Tuning fork
Bridges

17
Q

What is the communication of application of a stationary wave?

A

Used in waveguides and antennas to transmit signals efficiency

18
Q

What is constructive interference?

A

When two waves meet up in phase
Amplitudes add up

19
Q

What is destructive interference?

A

When two waves meet outside of phase
They cancel each other out

20
Q

What is Youngs double-slit experiment?

A

Demonstrates wave interference using light
Producing an interference pattern of bright and dark fringes

21
Q

What is diffraction?

A

The bending of waves around obstacles or through narrow openings

22
Q

What are the factors of diffraction?

A

More pronounced when opening site is close to the wavelength

23
Q

How is diffraction applied?

A

Essential in sound and radio waves
They bend around corners

24
Q

What is diffraction gratings?

A

A tool with multiple slits to disperse light into its spectrum

25
What is the equation for diffraction gratings?
Slit separation SIN(angle)= order x wavelength
26
What is spectroscopy?
Allows precise measurements of light wavelengths Used in chemical analysis
27
What is astronomy?
Used in telescopes to analyse light from distant stars and galaxies
28
What are optical devises?
Employed in lasers and various sensors for precise measurements