Cell structure and function Flashcards
What are the two main cell types?
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
What are Prokaryotes?
Simple single celled organisms without a nucleus
Bacteria
Archaea
No membrane bound organelles
DNA in nucleotide
have call walls
Sometimes have a flagella
What are eukaryotes?
Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
What is the function of a nucleus?
Contains genetic material
Controls cell activities
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Powerhouse of cell
Site of ATP(energy) production
What is the function of ribosomes?
Site of protein synthesis
Found in cytoplasm
Or attached too rough ER
What is the Rough ER?
Studded with ribosomes
Synthesises and transports proteins
What is the Smooth ER?
Involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification
What is the Golgi apparatus
Modifies, sorts and packages proteins and lipids for transport
What are lysosomes?
Contains enzymes for breaking down waste and cellular debris
What are chloroplasts?
Site of photosynthesis
Contains chlorophyl which absorbs sunlight
What is the large central vacuole?
Stores nutrients and waste
Helps maintain cell shape
What is a Light microscope?
Uses light to magnify images
Good for viewing live cells
What is an Electron microscope?
Uses electron beams
Higher resolution for viewing in more detail
What is the difference between magnification and resolution?
Magnification enlarges the image while resolution is the clarity of the image
