Working With Communities (The Community Organization Method)

Question 1

This is a term most commonly used by workers and the humanitarian service agencies in the Philippines to refer to community development.

Answer 1

Community work

Question 2

This refers to various methods of intervention whereby a professional change ageng helps a comminity action system composed of individuals, groups or organizations, to engage in planned collective action in order to deal with social problems within a democratic system of values.

Answer 2

Community organization

Question 3

Refer to a group of people gathered together in any geographic area, large or small, who have common interests, actual or potentially recognized, in the social welfare field.

Answer 3

Community

Question 4

These populations have a common interest in changing existing institutions to their advantage in order to achieve redistribution of opportunity, resources, and benefits.

Answer 4

Relevant commmunities

Question 5

This meant a feeling of belongingness and responsible civic behavior.

Answer 5

Sense of community and citizenship

Question 6

The consequences of the occassional failure of a social system from its normal operation.

Answer 6

Residual

Question 7

The consequence of particular social arrangements operating the way they are expected and desired, but not the result of human failing.

Answer 7

Institutional

Question 8

Are concerned with concrete tasks, undertaken in order to meet specific needs or to solve particular problems.

Answer 8

Task goals

Question 9

Are concerned with the process of helping people in a community or neighborhood or a particular constituency group to strengthen their qualities of participation, self-direction, and cooperation.

Answer 9

Process goals

Question 10

Focus on changing certain types of social relationships, especially decision-making patterns in a community.

Answer 10

Relationship goals

Question 11

Who specified the three types of objectives in community organizing?

Answer 11

Arthur Dunham

Question 12

The intellectual work involved in problem solving such as making choices as to what to do, when and how.

Answer 12

Analytical tasks

Question 13

This connote the action undertaken by the practitioner in relatonship with other people.

Answer 13

Interactional tasks

Question 14

This refers to the traditional “council” model, criticized in the literature on the ground that “participation of all” leads primarily to trade offs and the protection of the status quo.

Answer 14

Consensus

Question 15

Associated with the type of structure in which representatives of a minority view or interest are included within the organizational framework dominated by others but render legitimacy to the latter’s purpose.

Answer 15

Cooptation

Question 16

Organizes a structure designed to maximize his opportunity to achieve that purpose.

Answer 16

Central planner

Question 17

This takes its point of departure from general statements of goals and values and leads into more specific program measures.

Answer 17

Policy formulation

Question 18

Looking at ends and means as a chain of interaction, analysis aims both at distinguishing them and showing their interrelationships.

Answer 18

Ends-means analysis

Question 19

This means the specification of the structures and relationships that the planning project might affect.

Answer 19

System analysis

Question 20

Different policy choices will, it is assumed, result in different benefits.

Answer 20

Benefits analysis

Question 21

This entails approximation of the possibilities and constraints that will affect alternatives, policy approaches.

Answer 21

Resource analysis

Question 22

Involves the detailed spelling out of implementing actions to carry out broad policies related to a goal.

Answer 22

Programming

Question 23

Applies to the monitoring of operations that takes place as a result of a problem-solving or planning process.

Answer 23

Evaluation

Question 24

Cover a wide variety of groups and organizations based on a membership whose common interest is in achieving some change of improvement in social arrangements, institutions, or relationships.

Answer 24

Voluntary associations

Question 25

A formal bureaucratic organization that has, as its central purpose, the provision of a service to a designed targget population.

Answer 25

Service agency

Question 26

Are networks of formal organizations whose function is the determination of how to organize and deploy resources to deal with social problems.

Answer 26

Planning and allocating organizations

Question 27

Incorporates proposals for change as well as a set of values as to what is desirable.

Answer 27

Ideology

Question 28

(Role) A practitioner who has no programs or prescriptions of his own to implement but is skilled in developing relationships with people and helping them to identify their needs and to develop the capacity to solve their problems.

Answer 28

Enabler

Question 29

(Role) He has expert analytical ability in defining the problem, examining its dimensions, and developing alternative solutions.

Answer 29

Planner

Question 30

(Role) The practitioner is committed to a cause that he pursues explicitly in conjucton with others who share his goals.

Answer 30

Advocate

Question 31

Much of the knowledge base and practice of community organization in the Philippines has been derived from the experiences of what country?

Answer 31

United States of America

Question 32

During this period, the charity organization societies were the clearest expression of community organization.

Answer 32

The Charity Organization Period (1870-1917)

Question 33

The use of ________ method was introduced through studies by settlements such as Hull Houses in Chicago and South End House in Boston.

Answer 33

Survey

Question 34

During this period, the central phenomenon was the rise and rapid growth of community chests and councils of social agencies.

Answer 34

The Rise of Federations (1917-1935)

Question 35

This period was marked by a recognition of the broader implicatons of community organization and by an increased concern with the analysis of the process and the development of professional skills.

Answer 35

Expansion and Professional Development (1935-1955)

Question 36

The first cooperative and widely circulated statement regarding the nature of generic community welfare organization.

Answer 36

Lane report

Question 37

During this period, the struggle for civil rights and racial justice, urban decay and efforts at urban development, the Economic Opportunity and the War on Poverty, and the phenomenon of mass organization of consumers and lower-income groups are the intertwined themes of community organization.

Answer 37

Community Organization and Social Change (1955-1970)

Question 38

The organization for relatively large numbers of consumers or members of lower income groups, for the purpose of developing power and bringing pressure to bear on institutions, groups, and individuals to achieve the objectives of the organization.

Answer 38

Mass organization

Question 39

The book of Saul Alinsky which contains the fullest expression of his philosophy and methods.

Answer 39

Reveille for Radicals

Question 40

Roland Warren implied that community organizaton was concerned with _______ which is essentially within the existing institutional structure.

Answer 40

System maintenance and problem-solving

Question 41

This is a system-disturbing approach concerned with problem-solving which is principally based on some sort of reorganization of the institutional structure through grassroots effort.

Answer 41

Community development

Question 42

Its main objective was to "coordinate the welfare services of its member agencies for sound community planning and concerned action.

Answer 42

Council of Welfare Agencies of the Philippines

Question 43

The need for a unified approach to raise funds for the support of private voluntary welfare organizations was felt in the Philippines as early as 1947, so ______ was initiated as an adoptation of the efforts from United States of America.

Answer 43

Community Chest

Question 44

When was the Community Chest and Councils of the Philippines organized?

Answer 44

May 5, 1970

Question 45

Though its main task is to coordinate governmental and non-governmental agencies engaged in youth welfare services, it has likewise tried to help its members become aware of the needs and problems of the youth through publications and forums and tried to promote public understanding of these needs and problems.

Answer 45

Philippine Youth Welfare Coordination Council

Question 46

This is the Philippine fore-runner of community development established by President Elpidio Quirino.

Answer 46

President's Action Committee on Social Amelioration (PACSA)

Question 47

The legally constituted governing unit of the barrios.

Answer 47

The barrio council

Question 48

This is the social welfare goal.

Answer 48

The well being of man

Question 49

The first people's organization in the Philippines.

Answer 49

Zone One Tondo Organization

Question 50

This aims to promote training program for organizers in a systematic and professional way, and to build a mass-based organization through which resignation and fear can slowly be eliminated.

Answer 50

Philippine Ecunemical Council on Community Organization (PECCO)

Question 51

Launched on December 16, 1970 which opened a new field of endeavor for social workers: social development.

Answer 51

Philippine Business for Social Progress

Question 52

Founded on the philosophy that individual, group, community, and national growth and development can only come about when there is active participation and involvement of the people themselves in any developmeng process.

Answer 52

Baranganic Approach

Question 53

The linking of organizations, institutions, and individuals for a common purpose.

Answer 53

Networking

Question 54

This is an attempt by many parishes to integrate faith component with the realities of basic needs in a community.

Answer 54

Basic Christian Communities-Community Organization (BCC-CO) model

Question 55

The leading network for social service and social welfare agencies in the country.

Answer 55

National Council of Social Development Foundation

Question 56

This refers to the succession of actions/steps which lead to a result, a prime requisite of steps involved for without recurrence.

Answer 56

Process

Question 57

Describes the age, group of the target clientele, their income levels, years of residence in the areas, typology of problem, the area of coverage, etc.

Answer 57

Criteria for eligibility

Question 58

A dislay of recognition and respect for an authority figure in a locality.

Answer 58

Courtesy call

Question 59

This sanction or acceptance which the social worker derives from his relationship with the leaders and the community.

Answer 59

Negotiated sanction

Question 60

Derived from being a professional social worker and the agency he represents.

Answer 60

Official sanction

Question 61

This simulate interaction, thus bringing up attitudes, feelings, and observed behavior which may be helpful in exploring and understanding problems.

Answer 61

Interview schedules

Question 62

Through this instrument, the anonimity of the client is kept and as such, he is free to express through writing his views without fear of being identified.

Answer 62

Interview

Question 63

These include maps, census data, newspaper, school records, minutes of committee meetings, agencies' reports, publications about the target area, pictures, and even anecdotes.

Answer 63

Records

Question 64

Primarily directed towards describing and understanding behavior as it occurs.

Answer 64

Observation

Question 65

There are some information in the community that needs to be gathered through other people or sources other than the clients themselves.

Answer 65

Collateral information

Question 66

Only relevant information should be taken, information that has significance to the situation at hand.

Answer 66

Principle of Parsimony

Question 67

The conversion of all the collected information into a form that permits statistical tabulation.

Answer 67

Data collation

Question 68

A professional judgement or opinion as to what is the problem and how it affects the people.

Answer 68

Diagnosis

Question 69

Is the most common measure of central tendency employed by social workers.

Answer 69

Arithmetic mean

Question 70

Shows the extremes of variation in the group.

Answer 70

Range

Question 71

Deciding where to start.

Answer 71

Ranking or ordering

Question 72

A process in which men and women, acting through organized entities, endeavor to guide development so as to solve the pressing problems around them.

Answer 72

Planning

Question 73

This is also called by social work authors as treatment planning, intervention, plan of action or service contract.

Answer 73

Planning for solutions

Question 74

Three components of planning for solutions.

Answer 74

Objective setting, contract setting, and success indicator formulation

Question 75

It is simply a statement of a result to be achieved based on needs and problems previously identified from the analysis conducted in the earlier steps.

Answer 75

Objectives

Question 76

Specific measurable accomplishment to be achieved within a specific time and resources are identified.

Answer 76

Objective setting

Question 77

Oftentimes call the "goal."

Answer 77

General objectives

Question 78

Rundowns of the things to be done to achieve the general objectives.

Answer 78

Specific objectives

Question 79

An agreement between and among people or groups of people to conduct a particular task or achieve a specific objective and decision on the conditions under which they work on it, so they can smoothly and meaningfully develop a sense of belongingness, responsibility and accountability for it.

Answer 79

Contract

Question 80

Estabilishing a sequence of action to follow im reaching objectives.

Answer 80

Programming

Question 81

Determining who will see to the accomplishment of objectives and action steps and defining specific rules.

Answer 81

Fixing assignments and accountability

Question 82

Determining and assigning the resources required to reach objectives.

Answer 82

Budgeting

Question 83

Estabilshing time requirements for objectives and action steps.

Answer 83

Scheduling

Question 84

A gauge of effective performances.

Answer 84

Success indicators

Question 85

A qualification of performance factors, a unit of measurement used as a standard against which to evaluate performance.

Answer 85

Success indicator

Question 86

Putting into action or carrying out the plan formulated jointly by the people of the community, the existing social agencies and the social worker during the planning phase, to bring about positive change in the area of community.

Answer 86

Implementation

Question 87

The worker rejects neutrality, takes the side of the client group, and assures a more active role.

Answer 87

Activist role

Question 88

The procedure adopted by social workers to achieve a goal.

Answer 88

Strategy

Question 89

The goal of community development.

Answer 89

Community competence

Question 90

The process by which the efforts of the people themselves are united with those of government authorities to improve the economic, social and cultural condiitons of the communities.

Answer 90

Community development

Question 91

The process of deliberate intervention at the grassroots level for the purpose of improving the environment and the people's socio-political functioning.

Answer 91

Community development

Question 92

Efforts directed toward integrating the different action systems of the community with other system of the local community and/or with extra community action systems, efforts aimed at bringing about reforms in attitutdes, policies, and practice of large private and public agencies, including legal, functional and operating system.

Answer 92

Social planning

Question 93

Refers to individual or group activity designed to influence a change in social policy.

Answer 93

Social action

Question 94

A law or is a written statement by an organization or agency.

Answer 94

Formal policy

Question 95

Handed down from generation to generation as custom or tradition.

Answer 95

Informal policy

Question 96

A shared problem leads to the formulation of an _______.

Answer 96

Informal group