Working Memory Model: Baddeley + Hitch Flashcards
What are the three limited capacitiy stores for STM in WMM?
Central Executive
2 slave units
- phonological loop
- Visio-spatial sketchpad
How did the Working Memory Model improve the Multi-store model?
- In Multi-store model STM was critised for being to simplistic
- It wasn’t a single storage system
- It contains 3 limited capacity stores
How did Baddeley improve WMM?
- Included the Episodic buffer
What does the Episodic buffer do?
- Communicates between Central Executive and LTM
- pulls memories together between Phonological Loop and VSSP into patterns/episodes to get stored in LTM
- ‘download’ episodes from LTM towards CE to recall
How does the phonological loop encode and what features it has?
- encodes acoustically
- retains languade based information
- contains inner voice which voices information you are rehearsing REHEARSE INFORMATION VERBALLY
- contains inner ear to holds memory of sounds
What does the Central Executive do?
- Switching and focusing attention
- Allocate memories from LTM or 5 senses/sensory input to Phonological Loop and VSSP
- Pick information from Phonological Loop and VSSP to Episodic Buffer
Why is WMM a feature of Cognitive Approach?
It process memories in e.g. input, output and storage like a computer
- It illistrates process in diagram/flowchart
How can the WMM support Biological Approach?
- WMM has functions that have been located in parts of the brain
- acoustic encoding/phonological loop in left hemisphere of brain in temporal lobe
- visual encoding/VSSP in right hemisphere of brain with simple task in opccipital and complicated task in pareital lobe
Why is dual-task performance supporting evidence for WMM?
- participants performed visual and verbal task simultaneously were no less worse than performing seperately
- there was no competition for
- performing 2 auditory/visual task declined and overloaded due to the task competing for one slave system
- Supports there’s seperate slave subsystems
Why is the Central Executive a weakenss for WMM?
- has little knowledge and least understanding component
- has not been fully explained
What are the 2 sub-system that VSSP have?
- Visual cache which stores visual data (things that you see)
- inner eye/scribe which stores e.g. where the objects are and the arrangements of information
What did Baddley do in the dual-task procedure?
- participants perforced two task involving both the phonological loop
- reading out numbers of digets out loud whilst reading true/false statements
- made errors and speed was slower compared to doing each task individually
Why does Liberman critisize the WMM?
- blind people have spatial memory
- they never had visual information
- Liberman argues there should be seperate components visual and spatial memory store instead of Visual-spatial sketchpad memory (VSSP)
- This doesn’t fully explain working memory = needs to be improve and limits validity
Why being reduction in WMM is a weakness?
- even though it made improvements towards the MSM
- it still reduces complex phenomenon into simple stores
- doesn’t explain how information is processed only describes what it does
- limiting validity of the WMM to deeply understand memory
