working memory model Flashcards
who came up with this model
Baddeley and Hitch- 1974
what is the central executive
supervisory component that has overall control of working memory
what is the capacity of the central executive
limited but it can process information from any sensory system
why is the central executive described as an attentional controller
because it can focus, switch and divide attentions
what does the inner voice do in the phonological loop
it deals with auditory information
what does the phonological store do
it holds words that are heard
what does the articulatory loop do
it allows maintenance rehearsal
what is the capacity of the phonological loop
2 seconds worth of what you can say
what is the phonological similarity effect
where it is more difficult to remember similar sounding words and letters
what is the word length effect
short monosyllabic words are more likely to be recalled than longer polysyllabic words
what does the visuo-spatial sketchpad do
it stores visual information for when its required- inner eye
what are the 2 sub-systems of the VSSP
visual cache and inner scribe
what does the inner scribe do
records the arrangements of objects in the visual field
what case study supports this model
KF
what happened to KF
he got in a motorcycle accident and could process visual information but struggled with verbal information
how does KF support this model
it supports the existence of 2 separate visual and verbal stores in STM as it seems like his phonological loop is affected but the VSSP isn’t
what are the practical applications
it has been argued to help children with ADHD by breaking down information into manageable chunks with frequent repetition to help them remember things
how do brain scan studies support this theory
Smith(1995) used brain scans to show how different areas of the brain are active when doing visual or verbal tasks which suggests that the VSSP and the phonological loop are separate systems
name a criticism of this model
not all aspects of this model are fully understood which is a weakness as further research is needed
what store supports the phonological similarity effect
phonological loop
what are the stores in the phonological loop
what are the stores in the phonological loop
what does the visual cache do
stores visual data
what is the phonological loop
slave system that deals with the temporary storage of verbal information
what does the articulatory rehearsal support
the word length effect
what are the responsibilities of the central executive
it monitors information coming in from different sources
decides what to pay attention to
allocates tasks to slave systems
name a limitation of this model
its inability to explain why we could store a limited number of word sequences in the phonological loop but could store far longer sentence sequences
what did Baddeley and Hitch say about dual task performances
you can perform 2 different tasks at the same time as long as the tasks use different components of the working memory, if they do use the same parts of the same components processing will slow down
what is the episodic buffer
it process all of the information from components and integrates it
