Work, Energy, and Power Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of energy?

A

Energy is the capacity to do work.

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2
Q

What are the two main types of energy?

A

Potential energy and kinetic energy.

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3
Q

What is the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy?

A

Potential energy is stored energy due to an object’s position, while kinetic energy is the energy an object has due to its motion.

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4
Q

What are some examples of potential energy?

A

Gravitational, chemical, nuclear, and elastic energy.

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5
Q

What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

A

PotentialEnergy=mass×gravity×height

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6
Q

How is work defined in thermodynamics?

A

Work is the energy transferred by the system to its surroundings.

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7
Q

Under what conditions is work done on an object?

A

Work is done when a force acts upon an object and causes it to be displaced.

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8
Q

What is the definition of power in physics?

A

Power is the amount of work done over time or how fast work is done.

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9
Q

What is the formula for calculating kinetic energy?

A

KineticEnergy

1
2
×
mass
×
velocity
2
KineticEnergy=
2
1

×mass×velocity
2

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10
Q

What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed; it may only be transferred from one form to another, but the total amount of energy remains unchanged.

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11
Q

What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?

A

Evaporation occurs at any temperature and only on the surface, while boiling occurs throughout the liquid at a specific temperature.

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12
Q

What happens during condensation?

A

Condensation is the change of gas to liquid that occurs at the surface, which is a warming process as heat is added to the environment.

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13
Q

What is the formula for power in terms of force and velocity?

A

Power=Force×velocity

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14
Q

What does it mean when work is done against another force?

A

It means that the force applied is used to overcome another force, such as friction or gravity.

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15
Q

What is the formula for calculating work?

A

Work=Force×Distance

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16
Q

What is the significance of potential energy?

A

Potential energy is significant only when it changes, meaning when it does work or transforms into another form of energy.

17
Q

What determines the amount of kinetic energy an object has?

A

The kinetic energy of an object depends on its mass and its velocity.

18
Q

How does the speed of an object affect its kinetic energy?

A

If the speed of an object is doubled, its kinetic energy increases by a factor of four (since kinetic energy is proportional to the square of velocity).

19
Q

How is work related to energy transformation?

A

Work is done when energy is transformed from one form to another.