Newtons Laws of Motion Flashcards
What is Newton’s First Law of Motion (Law of Inertia)?
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
What practical example demonstrates Newton’s First Law of Motion?
The use of seatbelts in a car. When brakes are applied, the car stops, but without a seatbelt, the passenger continues moving forward due to inertia.
What is inertia?
Inertia is the property of an object to resist changes in its motion. It is directly proportional to the object’s mass.
How does friction affect motion?
Friction opposes the motion of objects, causing them to decelerate.
What is Newton’s Second Law of Motion?
The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object and inversely proportional to the mass of the object. (F = ma)
How is force related to acceleration according to Newton’s Second Law?
Force is directly proportional to acceleration. Increasing the force increases the acceleration.
Provide a practical example of Newton’s Second Law of Motion.
A 1200 kg car accelerating at 5 m/s² generates a force of 6000 N.
What is Newton’s Third Law of Motion?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
How does Newton’s Third Law apply to motion?
When one object exerts a force on another, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.
What is the Law of Universal Gravitation?
Every two objects in the universe attract each other with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.
What is static friction?
Static friction is the force that resists the initiation of motion between two stationary objects.
What is kinetic friction?
Kinetic friction is the force that opposes the motion of two objects sliding against each other.
How does static friction compare to kinetic friction?
Static friction is usually greater than kinetic friction, meaning it requires more force to start moving an object than to keep it moving.
How can you calculate the magnitude of static friction?
The magnitude of static friction (fs(max)) can be calculated using the formula: (fs(max) = \mu_s \times N), where ( \mu_s ) is the coefficient of static friction and ( N ) is the normal force.
How can you calculate the magnitude of kinetic friction?
The magnitude of kinetic friction (fk) can be calculated using the formula: ( fk = \mu_k \times N ), where ( \mu_k ) is the coefficient of kinetic friction and ( N ) is the normal force.
