Density & Pressure Flashcards
What is density?
Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance.
What factors influence the density of a fluid?
Concentration of atoms, temperature, intermolecular forces, and the presence of dissolved compounds.
What is specific gravity?
Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of an object to the density of a reference substance, usually water for liquids or solids, and air for gases.
How do you calculate specific gravity?
Specific gravity is calculated as densityofobjectdensityofwater\frac{\text{density of object}}{\text{density of water}}densityofwaterdensityofobject. It has no units.
What does a specific gravity greater than 1 indicate?
A specific gravity greater than 1 indicates that the object will sink in water.
What does a specific gravity less than 1 indicate?
A specific gravity less than 1 indicates that the object will float in water.
What is pressure?
Pressure is the force per unit area exerted on a surface.
What is the unit of pressure?
The unit of pressure is the Pascal (Pa)
How does decreasing the area affect pressure?
Decreasing the area over which a force is applied increases the pressure.
How does increasing the force affect pressure?
Increasing the force applied over a given area increases the pressure.
What is hydrostatic pressure?
Hydrostatic pressure is the pressure exerted by a fluid at rest due to the force of gravity.
What are the properties of hydrostatic pressure?
Hydrostatic pressure acts in all directions, increases with depth, and depends on the density of the liquid.
Does the shape of the container affect hydrostatic pressure?
No, hydrostatic pressure does not depend on the shape of the container.
How does depth affect hydrostatic pressure?
Hydrostatic pressure increases with depth in a fluid.
What happens to pressure at greater depths in a fluid?
At greater depths, the net force increases, resulting in greater pressure and higher velocity of escaping liquid if there’s an opening.
