WORDS RELATED

Question 1

ABUNDANCE (n)

Answer 1

a large quantity that is more than enough
#The country has an “abundance” of natural resources
abundant(adj)/ abundantly(adv.)

Question 2

solidify(v)

Answer 2

1. to become solid; to make sth solid.
2. to become or to make something become more definite and less likely to change.
   #They solidified their position as Britain’s best-seller brand.
   #solidify (into something) Vague objections to the system solidified into firm opposition.
   solidity(n)/ solidification(n)/ solidly(adv)/ solidarity(n)

Question 3

solidarity(n)

Answer 3

1. support by one person or group of people for another because they share feelings, opinions, aims, etc.
#community solidarity
 #solidarity with somebody to express/show solidarity with fellow students
#Demonstrations were held as a gesture of solidarity with the hunger strikers

Question 4

catalyst(n)

Answer 4

1. a substance that makes a chemical reaction happen faster without being changed itself.
# Chlorine will act as a catalyst.
2.catalyst (for something) a person or thing that causes a change
#I see my role as being a catalyst for change.
#The riots were later seen as the catalyst for the new political developments.
catalyse(v)/ catalysis(n)

Question 5

kick-starter

Answer 5

1. the part of a motorcycle that you push down with your foot in order to start it.
2. ​a quick start that you give to something by taking some action.

Question 6

meta-analysis(n)

Answer 6

research that combines the results of a number of related studies.
#The meta-analysis included data from nine cohort studies with 1 280 children.

Question 7

surpass(v)

Answer 7

to do or be better than somebody/something. 
surpass something/somebody 
#He hopes one day to surpass the world record.
#Its success has surpassed all expectations.
surpass yourself 
#Her cooking was always good, but this time she had surpassed herself (= done better than her own high standards).
collocations: far, easily, eventually, "in"
surpassing(adj.)

Question 8

threshold(n)

Answer 8

1. the floor or ground at the bottom of a doorway, considered as the entrance to a building or room
   #He stepped across the threshold.
   on the threshold:
   #She stood hesitating on the threshold.
   Collocations
   verb + threshold
   cross
   preposition
   across the threshold/over the threshold/on the threshold
2. the level at which something starts to happen or have an effect
   #He has a low boredom threshold (= he gets bored easily).
   #I have a high pain threshold (= I can suffer a lot of pain before I start to react).
   #My earnings are just above the tax threshold (= more than the amount at which you start paying tax).
   Collocations
   adjective
   high/low/maximum
   verb + threshold
   have/reach/meet…
   threshold + noun
   level/value
   preposition
   above a/​the threshold/below a/​the threshold
   ​ 3. [usually singular] the point just before a new situation, a period of life, etc. begins
   on the threshold of something
   #She felt as though she was on the threshold of a new life.

Question 9

prevalent(adj.)

Answer 9

common= widespread

Question 10

devastate(v)

Answer 10

1. devastate something to completely destroy a place or an area
   #The bomb devastated much of the old part of the city
2. often passive] devastate somebody to make somebody feel very shocked and sad.
   devastated/ devastating (both are adj.)= disastrous

Question 11

assemble(v)

Answer 11

1. to come together as a group; to bring people or things together as a group.
   #All the students were asked to assemble in the main hall.
   #She then addressed the assembled company (= all the people there).
   assemble something to assemble evidence/data
   #The manager has assembled a world-class team.
   #He tried to assemble his thoughts.
   collections
   adverb
   carefully/hastily/quickly…
   verb + assemble
   begin /to manage/ to be easy to…
   preposition
   for/into
   phrases
   fully assembled/partially assembled
   ​ 2.[transitive] assemble something to fit together all the separate parts of something, for example, a piece of furniture.
   The shelves are easy to assemble.
   OPPOSITE disassemble
   Synonyms build

Question 12

world-class+ noun

Answer 12

dünya standartlarında

Question 13

build
construct-assemble-erect-put something up
These words all mean to make something, especially by putting different parts together.
build to make something, especially a building, by putting parts together:
a house built of stone
They’re going to build on the site of the old power station.
construct [often passive] (rather formal) to build something such as a road, building or machine
assemble (rather formal) to fit together all the separate parts of something such as a piece of furniture or a machine:
The cupboard is easy to assemble.
erect (formal) to build something; to put something in position and make it stand upright:
Police had to erect barriers to keep crowds back.
put something up to build something or place something somewhere:
They’re putting up new hotels to boost tourism in the area.
Patterns
to build/​construct/​erect/​put up a house/​wall
to build/​construct/​erect/​put up some shelves
to build/​construct/​erect/​put up a barrier/​fence/​shelter
to build/​construct/​assemble a(n) engine/​machine
to build/​construct a road/​railway/​tunnel
to erect/​put up a tent/​statue/​monument

Answer 13

STUDY THESE SYNONYMS: BUİLD, ASSEMBLE, CONSTRUCT,

PUT STH UP, ERECT

Question 14

resilient(adj)

Answer 14

​1.able to recover quickly after something unpleasant such as shock, injury, etc.
#He’ll get over it—young people are amazingly resilient.
#These plants are very resilient to rough handling.
verbs
be/prove/seem…
adverb
extremely/fairly/very/
preposition
to
2. ​(of a substance) returning to its original shape after being bent, stretched or pressed
resilience(n)/ resiliently(adv)

Question 15

resign yourself to(phrasal verb)

Answer 15

​to accept something unpleasant that cannot be changed or avoided
#She resigned herself to her fate.
resign yourself to doing something 
#We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on the sale.

Question 16

resign(v)

Answer 16

to officially tell somebody that you are leaving your job, an organization, etc.
#She was forced to resign due to ill health.
resign as something He resigned as manager after eight years.
resign from something Two members resigned from the board in protest.
resign over something Some judges have threatened to resign over this issue.
resign something My father resigned his directorship last year

Question 17

wipe sth/ smbdy out

Answer 17

wipe somebody out
​(informal) to make somebody extremely tired
#All that traveling has wiped her out.
wipe somebody/something out
​[often passive] to destroy or remove somebody/something completely
#Whole villages were wiped out by the earthquake.
#Last year’s profits were virtually wiped out.
a campaign to wipe out malaria
wipeout(n):[uncountable, countable] complete failure, defeat or destruction
#The party faces a virtual wipeout in the election.
#a 5–0 wipeout

Question 18

warhead

Answer 18

the explosive part of a missile

Question 19

vaporize/ vaporise (v)

Answer 19

to turn into gas; to make sth turn into gas
vapor/vapour(n)
vaporization/ vapourization(n)
vaporous(adj)

Question 20

blast

Answer 20

1. explode= [transitive, intransitive] blast (something) (+ adv./prep.) to violently destroy or break something into pieces, using explosives
   #They blasted a huge crater on the runway.
   #All the windows were blasted inwards with the force of the explosion.
2. make loud music
   [intransitive, transitive] to make a loud unpleasant noise, especially music.
   blast (out) Music suddenly blasted out from the speakers.
   blast something (out) The radio blasted out rock music at full volume.
3. criticize
   blast somebody/something (for something/for doing something) (informal) to criticize somebody/something severely
   #The movie was blasted by all the critics.
   blast(n)= explosion

Question 21

incinerate(v)

Answer 21

1. to burn something, especially waste material, until it is completely destroyed.
   be incinerated Most of the waste is incinerated.
   incineration(n)/ incinerator(n)

Question 22

catapult(v)

Answer 22

to throw somebody/something suddenly and violently through the air; to be thrown suddenly and violently through the air.
catapult (somebody/something) + adv./prep. She was catapulted out of the car as it hit the wall.
(figurative) The movie catapulted him to international stardom.
catapult(n): a stick that has the shape of a Y with a rubber band attached to it, used by children for shooting stones

Question 23

decimate(v)

Answer 23

1.[usually passive] to kill large numbers of animals, plants, or people in a particular area.
be decimated (by something) #The rabbit population was decimated by the disease.
2. ​decimate something (informal) to severely damage something or make something weaker
#Cheap imports decimated the British cycle industry.
decimation(n)

Question 24

venture(v)

Answer 24

1. [intransitive] + adv./prep. to go somewhere even though you know that it might be dangerous or unpleasant
   #They ventured nervously into the water.
   #He’s never ventured abroad in his life.
   2.​[transitive] (formal) to say or do something in a careful way, especially because it might upset or offend somebody
   venture something She hardly dared to venture an opinion.
   #He ventured a tentative smile.
   venture to do something I ventured to suggest that she might have made a mistake.
   # + speech ‘And if I say no?’ she ventured.
   venture that… He ventured that the data might be flawed.
   3.​[transitive] venture something (on something) to risk losing something valuable or important if you are not successful at something
   SYNONYM gamble
   #It was wrong to venture his financial security on such a risky deal.
   Idioms
   nothing ventured, nothing gained
   ​(saying) used to say that you have to take risks if you want to achieve things and be successful
   venture(n)​a business project or activity, especially one that involves taking risks
   SYNONYM undertaking
   #A disastrous business venture lost him thousands of dollars.
   venture on/into (phrasal verb)